>>
3.1 General
3.2 Alphabetical index of definitions
3.3 General terms and definitions
3.4 Switching devices
3.5 Parts of switching devices
3.6 Operation of switching devices
3.7 Characteristic quantities
3.8 Tests
3.9 Ports
3.10 Symbols and references clauses for characteristics described in this document
4 Classification
5 Characteristics
5.1 Summary of the characteristics
5.2 Type of equipment
5.3 Rated and limiting values for the main circuit
5.3.1 Rated voltages
5.3.2 Currents
5.3.3 Rated frequency
5.3.4 Rated duties
5.3.5 Characteristics under normal load and overload conditions (see 8.2.4)
5.3.6 Short-circuit characteristics
5.3.7 Pole impedance of the switching device (Z)
5.4 Utilization category
5.5 Control circuits
5.5.1 Electrically or electronically controlled circuits
5.5.2 Air-supply control circuits (pneumatic or electro-pneumatic)
5.6 Auxiliary circuits
5.7 Relays and releases
5.8 Co-ordination with short-circuit protective devices (SCPD)
6 Product information
6.1 Nature of information
6.2 Marking
6.3 Instructions for installation, operation and maintenance, decommissioning and dismantling
6.4 Environmental information
7 Normal service, mounting and transport conditions
7.1 Normal service conditions
7.1.1 Ambient air temperature
7.1.2 Altitude
7.1.3 Atmospheric conditions
7.1.4 Shock and vibration
7.2 Conditions during transport and storage
7.3 Mounting
8 Constructional and performance requirements
8.1 Constructional requirements
8.1.1 General
8.1.2 Materials
8.1.3 Current-carrying parts and their connections
8.1.4 Clearances and creepage distances
8.1.5 Actuator
8.1.6 Indication of the contact position
8.1.7 Additional requirements for equipment suitable for isolation
8.1.8 Terminals
8.1.9 Additional requirements for equipment provided with a neutral pole
8.1.10 Provisions for protective earthing
8.1.11 Dedicated enclosures for equipment
8.1.12 Degrees of protection of enclosed equipment
8.1.13 Conduit pull-out, torque and bending with metallic conduits
8.2 Performance requirements
8.2.1 Operating conditions
8.2.2 Temperature-rise
8.2.3 Dielectric properties
8.2.4 Ability to make, carry and break currents under no-load, normal load and overload conditions
8.2.5 Ability to make, carry and break short-circuit currents
8.2.6 Pole impedance
8.2.7 Leakage currents of equipment suitable for isolation
8.3 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)
8.3.1 General
8.3.2 Immunity
8.3.3 Emission
9 Tests
9.1 Kinds of test
9.1.1 General
9.1.2 Type tests
9.1.3 Routine tests
9.1.4 Sampling tests
9.1.5 Special tests
9.2 Compliance with constructional requirements
9.2.1 General
9.2.2 Test of materials to abnormal heat and fire
9.2.3 Equipment
9.2.4 Enclosures for equipment
9.2.5 Mechanical and electrical properties of terminals
9.2.6 Verification of the effectiveness of indication of the main contact position of equipment suitable for isolation
9.2.7 Vacant
9.2.8 Conduit pull-out test, torque test and bending test with metallic conduits
9.2.9 Test of earth continuity for protective earth
9.3 Performance
9.3.1 Test sequences
9.3.2 General test conditions
9.3.3 Performance under no-load, normal load and overload conditions
9.3.4 Performance under short-circuit conditions
9.4 Tests for EMC
9.4.1 General
9.4.2 Immunity
9.4.3 Emission
Annex A (informative) Harmonisation of utilization categories for low-voltage switchgear and controlgear
Annex B (Vacant)
Annex C (normative) Degrees of protection of enclosed equipment
Annex D (informative) Examples of clamping units and relationship between clamping unit and connecting device
Annex E (informative) Description of a method for adjusting the load circuit
Annex F (informative) Determination of short-circuit power-factor or time-constant
Annex G (informative) Measurement of creepage distances and clearances
Annex H (informative) Correlation between the nominal voltage of the supply system and the rated impulse withstand voltage of equipment
Annex J (informative) Items subject to agreement between manufacturer and user
Annex K (normative) Procedure to determine reliability data for electromechanical devices used in functional safety applications
Annex L (normative) Terminal marking and distinctive number
Annex M (normative) Flammability test
Annex N (normative) Requirements and tests for equipment with protective separation
Annex O (informative) Environmentally conscious design
Annex P (informative) Terminal lugs for low voltage switchgear and controlgear connected to copper conductors
Annex Q (normative) Special tests – Tests for environmental categories
Annex R (normative) Application of the metal foil for dielectric testing on accessible parts during operation or adjustment
Annex S (normative) Digital inputs and outputs
Annex T (normative) Extended functions within electronic overload relays
Annex U (informative) Examples of control circuit configurations
Annex V (informative) Power management with switchgear and controlgear for electrical energy efficiency
Annex W (normative) Procedure to establish material declaration
Annex X (normative) Co-ordination between circuit-breaker or CPS and another short-circuit protective device associated in the same circuit
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Gulf StandardGSO IEC 60947-1:2024
GSO IEC 60947-1:2024Gulf Standard
GSO IEC 60947-1:2024
IEC 60947-1:2020
مواصفة قياسية خليجية
معدات القطع والوصل والتحكم ذات الجهد المنخفض - الجزء 1: القواعد العامة
Gulf Standard
Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 1: General rules
ICS: |
29.130.20
|
© GCC Standardization Organization 2024 – All rights reserved
© هيئة التقييس لدول مجلس التعاون لدول الخليج العربية 2024 – جميع الحقوق محفوظة
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جميع الحقوق محفوظة لهيئة لتقييس لدول مجلس التعاون لدول الخليج العربية.
ما لم ينص على خلاف ذلك، لا يجوز إعادة إنتاج أي جزء من هذا المنشور أو استخدامه بأي شكل آخر أو بأي وسيلة، إلكترونية أو ميكانيكية، بما في ذلك التصوير، أو النشر على الإنترنت أو الإنترانت، دون إذن كتابي مسبق من هيئة التقييس لدول مجلس التعاون لدول الخليج العربية على العنوان أدناه أو الدول الأعضاء في الهيئة داخل بلدانهم.
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All rights reserved to GCC Standardization Organization (GSO). Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either GSO at the address below or GSO's member body in the country of the requester.
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Outreach Dept, Knowledge Management Section
GCC Standardization Organization (GSO)
P.O.Box: 85245 Riyadh 12511
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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إدارة التواصل، قسم إدارة المعرفة
هيئة التقييس لدول مجلس التعاون لدول الخليج العربية (GSO)
ص. ب: 85245 الرياض 12511
المملكة العربية السعودية
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| Tel: | +966115208000 | :هاتف | ||||||
| Fax: | +966115208010 | :فاكس | ||||||
| E-Mail: | csc@gso.org.sa | :بريد إلكتروني | ||||||
| Website: | www.gso.org.sa | :موقع ويب | ||||||
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Gulf StandardGSO IEC 60947-1:2024
Gulf StandardGSO IEC 60947-1:2024
GSO IEC 60947-1:2024Gulf Standard
Gulf Foreword
GCC Standardization Organization (GSO) is a regional organization which consists of the national standardization bodies of GCC member states. One of GSO main functions is to issue gulf standards and technical regulations through specialized technical committees.
GSO Technical Council
in its meeting number (57) held
on 20/07/1445 H,
which corresponds to 31/01/2024, has approved
the update of
Gulf
Standard
GSO IEC 60947-1:2024
titled "Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 1: General rules" in
English
language
which was studied
and adopted
by endorsement
from
International Electrotechnical Commission
Standard
IEC 60947-1:2020
through
the technical program of
GSO Technical Committee for Electrical and Electronic Products
(TC03)
in SAUDI ARABIA schedule
.
This document will cancel and replace the Gulf
Standard
GSO IEC 60947-1:2008.
| تقديم خليجي |
هيئة التقييس لدول مجلس التعاون لدول الخليج العربية هيئة إقليمية تضم في عضويتها أجهزة التقييس الوطنية في الدول الأعضاء ، ومن مهام الهيئة إعداد المواصفات القياسية واللوائح الفنية الخليجية بواسطة لجان فنية متخصصة.
قرر المجلس الفني
لهيئة التقييس لدول مجلس التعاون لدول الخليج العربية
في الاجتماع الـ (57)
بتاريخ 1445/07/20 هـ ،الموافق 2024/01/31م اعتماد
تحديث
المواصفة القياسية الخليجية
رقم GSO IEC 60947-1:2024
وعنوانها "معدات القطع والوصل والتحكم ذات الجهد المنخفض - الجزء 1: القواعد العامة"
باللغة
الانجليزية
التي تم دراستها
وتبنيها
بالمصادقة
عن
اللجنة الدولية الكهروتقنية
رقم
IEC 60947-1:2020
ضمن برنامج عمل
اللجنة الفنية الخليجية للمواصفات الكهربائية والإلكترونية
(TC03)
المدرجة في خطة المملكة العربية السعودية
.
على أن تلغي وتحل محل
المواصفة القياسية
رقم
GSO IEC 60947-1:2008
.
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Gulf StandardGSO IEC 60947-1:2024
Gulf StandardGSO IEC 60947-1:2024
Gulf StandardGSO IEC 60947-1:2024
GSO IEC 60947-1:2024Gulf Standard
| IEC 60947-1 |
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD | Edition 6.0 2020-04 | |
| Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 1: General rules | ||
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Gulf StandardGSO IEC 60947-1:2024
Gulf StandardGSO IEC 60947-1:2024
Gulf StandardGSO IEC 60947-1:2024
GSO IEC 60947-1:2024Gulf Standard
 | THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTEDCopyright © 2020 IEC, Geneva, Switzerland |
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Gulf StandardGSO IEC 60947-1:2024
Gulf StandardGSO IEC 60947-1:2024
Gulf StandardGSO IEC 60947-1:2024
GSO IEC 60947-1:2024Gulf Standard
| IEC 60947-1 |
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD | Edition 6.0 2020-04 | |
| Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 1: General rules | ||
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNCIAL
COMMISSION
ICS 29.130.20ISBN 9782832280263Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.© Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
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Gulf StandardGSO IEC 60947-1:2024
Gulf StandardGSO IEC 60947-1:2024
Gulf StandardGSO IEC 60947-1:2024
GSO IEC 60947-1:2024Gulf Standard
CONTENTS
4 Classification
5 Characteristics
5.1 Summary of the characteristics
5.2 Type of equipment
5.3 Rated and limiting values for the main circuit
5.3.1 Rated voltages
5.3.2 Currents
5.3.3 Rated frequency
5.3.4 Rated duties
5.3.5 Characteristics under normal load and overload conditions (see 8.2.4)
5.3.6 Short-circuit characteristics
5.3.7 Pole impedance of the switching device (Z)
5.4 Utilization category
5.5 Control circuits
5.5.1 Electrically or electronically controlled circuits
5.5.2 Air-supply control circuits (pneumatic or electro-pneumatic)
5.6 Auxiliary circuits
5.7 Relays and releases
5.8 Co-ordination with short-circuit protective devices (SCPD)
6 Product information
6.1 Nature of information
6.2 Marking
6.3 Instructions for installation, operation and maintenance, decommissioning and dismantling
6.4 Environmental information
7 Normal service, mounting and transport conditions
7.1 Normal service conditions
7.1.1 Ambient air temperature
7.1.2 Altitude
7.1.3 Atmospheric conditions
7.1.4 Shock and vibration
7.2 Conditions during transport and storage
7.3 Mounting
8 Constructional and performance requirements
8.1 Constructional requirements
8.1.1 General
8.1.2 Materials
8.1.3 Current-carrying parts and their connections
8.1.4 Clearances and creepage distances
8.1.5 Actuator
8.1.6 Indication of the contact position
8.1.7 Additional requirements for equipment suitable for isolation
8.1.8 Terminals
8.1.9 Additional requirements for equipment provided with a neutral pole
8.1.10 Provisions for protective earthing
8.1.11 Dedicated enclosures for equipment
8.1.12 Degrees of protection of enclosed equipment
8.1.13 Conduit pull-out, torque and bending with metallic conduits
8.2 Performance requirements
8.2.1 Operating conditions
8.2.2 Temperature-rise
8.2.3 Dielectric properties
8.2.4 Ability to make, carry and break currents under no-load, normal load and overload conditions
8.2.5 Ability to make, carry and break short-circuit currents
8.2.6 Pole impedance
8.2.7 Leakage currents of equipment suitable for isolation
8.3 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)
8.3.1 General
8.3.2 Immunity
8.3.3 Emission
9 Tests
9.1 Kinds of test
9.1.1 General
9.1.2 Type tests
9.1.3 Routine tests
9.1.4 Sampling tests
9.1.5 Special tests
9.2 Compliance with constructional requirements
9.2.1 General
9.2.2 Test of materials to abnormal heat and fire
9.2.3 Equipment
9.2.4 Enclosures for equipment
9.2.5 Mechanical and electrical properties of terminals
9.2.6 Verification of the effectiveness of indication of the main contact position of equipment suitable for isolation
9.2.7 Vacant
9.2.8 Conduit pull-out test, torque test and bending test with metallic conduits
9.2.9 Test of earth continuity for protective earth
9.3 Performance
9.3.1 Test sequences
9.3.2 General test conditions
9.3.3 Performance under no-load, normal load and overload conditions
9.3.4 Performance under short-circuit conditions
9.4 Tests for EMC
9.4.1 General
9.4.2 Immunity
9.4.3 Emission
Annex A (informative) Harmonisation of utilization categories for low-voltage switchgear and controlgear
Annex B (Vacant)
Annex C (normative) Degrees of protection of enclosed equipment
Annex D (informative) Examples of clamping units and relationship between clamping unit and connecting device
Annex E (informative) Description of a method for adjusting the load circuit
Annex F (informative) Determination of short-circuit power-factor or time-constant
Annex G (informative) Measurement of creepage distances and clearances
Annex H (informative) Correlation between the nominal voltage of the supply system and the rated impulse withstand voltage of equipment
Annex J (informative) Items subject to agreement between manufacturer and user
Annex K (normative) Procedure to determine reliability data for electromechanical devices used in functional safety applications
Annex L (normative) Terminal marking and distinctive number
Annex M (normative) Flammability test
Annex N (normative) Requirements and tests for equipment with protective separation
Annex O (informative) Environmentally conscious design
Annex P (informative) Terminal lugs for low voltage switchgear and controlgear connected to copper conductors
Annex Q (normative) Special tests – Tests for environmental categories
Annex R (normative) Application of the metal foil for dielectric testing on accessible parts during operation or adjustment
Annex S (normative) Digital inputs and outputs
Annex T (normative) Extended functions within electronic overload relays
Annex U (informative) Examples of control circuit configurations
Annex V (informative) Power management with switchgear and controlgear for electrical energy efficiency
Annex W (normative) Procedure to establish material declaration
Annex X (normative) Co-ordination between circuit-breaker or CPS and another short-circuit protective device associated in the same circuit
Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 1: General rules
FOREWORD
1)
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2)
The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees.
3)
IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user.
4)
In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5)
IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6)
All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7)
No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications.
8)
Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9)
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60947‑1 has been prepared by subcommittee 121A: Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear, of IEC technical committee 121: Switchgear and controlgear and their assemblies for low voltage.
This sixth edition cancels and replaces the fifth edition published in 2007, Amendment 1:2010 and Amendment 2:2014. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
–
DC values testing improvement;
–
update of EMC tests;
–
Annex B deletion;
–
update of requirements for environmental tests (Table Q.1);
–
improvement of Annex R (new examples);
–
deletion of digital input Type 2, and introduction of Type 3 in Annex S;
–
example for materials declaration (Annex W);
–
new Annex X (co-ordination between short-circuit protective devices associated in the same circuit) created.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
| FDIS | Report on voting |
|---|---|
| 121A/337/FDIS | 121A/344/RVD |
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all the parts in the IEC 60947 series, under the general title Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear, can be found on the IEC website.
The following differing practices of a less permanent nature exist in the countries indicated below.
5.3.6.4 Rated conditional short-circuit current (Iq, alternatively Icc) (North America)
6.2 Marking (USA and Canada)
8.1.3 Current-carrying parts and their connections (USA)
8.1.7.1 Additional constructional requirements (USA)
8.1.10.1 (North America)
9.2.6.2.2 Dependent power operation (USA)
9.2.6.2.3 Independent power operation (Canada and USA)
Figure 4 (USA and Canada)
Figure 5 (USA and Canada)
Figure 10 (USA and Canada)
Figure 11 (USA and Canada)
Figure X.4 (USA and Canada)
Figure X.5 (USA and Canada)
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
•
reconfirmed,
•
withdrawn,
•
replaced by a revised edition, or
•
amended.
The contents of the corrigenda 1 (2022-12) and 2 (2024-04) have been included in this copy.
IMPORTANTThe “colour inside” logo on the cover page of this publication indicates that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this publication using a colour printer.
INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this document is to harmonize as far as practicable all rules and requirements of a general nature applicable to low-voltage switchgear and controlgear in order to obtain uniformity of requirements and tests throughout the corresponding range of equipment and to avoid the need for testing to different standards.
All those parts of the various equipment standards which can be considered as general have therefore been gathered in this document together with specific subjects of wide interest and application, e.g. temperature-rise, dielectric properties, etc.
For each type of low-voltage switchgear and controlgear, only two main documents are necessary to determine all requirements and tests:
1)
this document, referred to as "Part 1" or “IEC 60947‑1” in the specific standards covering the various types of low-voltage switchgear and controlgear;
2)
the relevant equipment standard hereinafter referred to as the "relevant product standard" or "product standard of this series".
For a general rule to apply to a specific product standard, it will be explicitly referred to by the latter, by quoting the relevant clause or subclause number of this document followed by "IEC 60947‑1" e.g. "7.2.3 of IEC 60947‑1:20xx".
A specific product standard will only deviate from the general rules when there is substantial technical justification.
NOTEAll references to “product standards” in this document means “product standards of IEC 60947 series”.
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1Scope
This document applies, when required by the relevant product standard, to low-voltage switchgear and controlgear hereinafter referred to as "equipment" or “device” and intended to be connected to circuits, the rated voltage of which does not exceed 1 000 V AC or 1 500 V DC.
This document states the general rules and common safety requirements for low-voltage switchgear and controlgear, including:
–
definitions;
–
characteristics;
–
information supplied with the equipment;
–
normal service, mounting and transport conditions, decommissioning and dismantling;
–
constructional and performance requirements;
–
verification of characteristics and performance;
–
energy efficiency aspects (see Annex V);
–
environmental aspects.
This document does not apply to:
–
low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies which are dealt with in IEC 61439 series, as applicable;
–
terminals for connection of aluminium conductors;
NOTETerminals for aluminium conductors are under consideration for the next revision.
–
use within explosive atmospheres (see IEC 60079 series);
–
software and firmware requirements for functional safety application (see IEC 61508–3);
–
cyber security aspects (see IEC 62443 series).
2Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60038:2009, IEC standard voltages
IEC 60068–1:2013, Environmental testing – Part 1: General and guidance
IEC 60068–2–1:2007, Environmental testing – Part 2-1: Tests – Test A: Cold
IEC 60068–2–2:2007, Environmental testing – Part 2-2: Tests – Test B: Dry heat
IEC 60068–2–6:2007, Environmental testing – Part 2-6: Tests – Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal)
IEC 60068–2–27:2008, Environmental testing – Part 2-27: Tests – Test Ea and guidance: Shock
IEC 60068–2–30:2005, Environmental testing – Part 2-30: Tests – Test Db: Damp heat, cyclic (12 h + 12 h cycle)
IEC 60068–2–52:2017, Environmental testing – Part 2-52: Tests – Test Kb: Salt mist, cyclic (sodium chloride solution)
IEC 60068–2–78:2012, Environmental testing – Part 2-78: Tests – Test Cab: Damp heat, steady state
IEC 60073:2002, Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and identification – Coding principles for indicators and actuators
IEC 60085:2007, Electrical insulation – Thermal evaluation and designation
IEC 60092–504:2016, Electrical installations in ships – Part 504: Automation, control and instrumentation
IEC 60216–2, Electrical insulating materials – Thermal endurance properties – Part 2: Determination of thermal endurance properties of electrical insulating materials – Choice of test criteria
IEC 60228:2004, Conductors of insulated cables
IEC 60269–1:2006, Low-voltage fuses – Part 1: General requirements
IEC 60269–1:2006/AMD1:2009
IEC 60269-1:2006/AMD2:2014
IEC 60300–3–5:2001, Dependability management – Part 3-5: Application guide – Reliability test conditions and statistical test principles
IEC TR 60344:2007, Calculation of d.c. resistance of plain and coated copper conductors of low-frequency cables and wires – Application guide
IEC 60417, Graphical symbols for use on equipment (available at http://www.graphical-symbols.info/equipment)
IEC 60445:2017, Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and identification – Identification of equipment terminals, conductor terminations and conductors
IEC 60447:2004, Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and identification – Actuating principles
IEC 60529:1989, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code)
IEC 60529:1989/AMD1:1999
IEC 60529:1989/AMD2:2013
IEC 60617, Graphical symbols for diagrams (available at http://std.iec.ch/iec60617)
IEC 60664–1:2007, Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems – Part 1: Principles, requirements and tests
IEC 60695–2–10:2013, Fire hazard testing – Part 2-10: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods – Glow-wire apparatus and common test procedure
IEC 60695–2–11:2014, Fire hazard testing – Part 2-11: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods – Glow-wire flammability test method for end-products (GWEPT)
IEC 60695–2–12, Fire hazard testing – Part 2-12: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods – Glow-wire flammability index (GWFI) test method for materials
IEC 60695–11–10:2013, Fire hazard testing – Part 11-10: Test flames – 50 W horizontal and vertical flame test methods
IEC 60947‑2:2016, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 2: Circuit-breakers
IEC 60947‑2:2016/AMD1:2019
IEC 60947‑4–2, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 4-2: Contactors and motor-starters – AC semiconductor motor controllers and starters
IEC 60947‑5 (all parts), Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 5: Control circuit devices and switching elements
IEC 60947‑5–1, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 5-1: Control circuit devices and switching elements – Electromechanical control circuit devices
IEC 60947‑8, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 8: Control units for built-in thermal protection (PTC) for rotating electrical machines
IEC 60981:2019, Extra heavy-duty electrical rigid steel conduits
IEC 60999–1:1999, Connecting devices – Electrical copper conductors – Safety requirements for screw-type and screwless-type clamping units – Part 1: General requirements and particular requirements for clamping units for conductors from 0,2 mm2 up to 35 mm2 (included)
IEC 60999–2:2003, Connecting devices – Electrical copper conductors – Safety requirements for screw-type and screwless-type clamping units – Part 2: Particular requirements for clamping units for conductors above 35 mm2 up to 300 mm2 (included)
IEC 61000–4–2:2008, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-2: Testing and measurement techniques – Electrostatic discharge immunity test
IEC 61000–4–3, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-3: Testing and measurement techniques – Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test
IEC 61000–4–4, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-4: Testing and measurement techniques – Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test
IEC 61000–4–5, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-5: Testing and measurement techniques – Surge immunity test
IEC 61000–4–6, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-6: Testing and measurement techniques – Immunity to conducted disturbances, induced by radio-frequency fields
IEC 61000–4–8, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-8: Testing and measurement techniques – Power frequency magnetic field immunity test
IEC 61000–4–11, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-11: Testing and measurement techniques – Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations immunity tests
IEC 61000–4–34, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-34: Testing and measurement techniques – Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations immunity tests for equipment with input current more than 16 A per phase
IEC 61000–6–2:2016, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 6-2: Generic standards – Immunity standard for industrial environments
IEC 61000–6–5, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 6-5: Generic standards – Immunity for equipment used in power station and substation environment
IEC 61131‑2:2017, Industrial-process measurement and control – Programmable controllers – Part 2: Equipment requirements and tests
IEC 61140:2016, Protection against electric shock – Common aspects for installation and equipment
IEC 61180:2016, High-voltage test techniques for low-voltage equipment – Definitions, test and procedure requirements, test equipment
IEC 61439 (all parts), Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies
IEC 61508 (all parts), Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems
IEC 61557–2, Electrical safety in low voltage distribution systems up to 1 000 V AC and 1 500 V DC – Equipment for testing, measuring or monitoring of protective measures – Part 2: Insulation resistance
IEC 61649:2008, Weibull analysis
IEC 62061:2005, Safety of machinery – Functional safety of safety-related electrical, electronic and programmable electronic control systems
IEC 62061:2005/AMD1:2012
IEC 62061:2005/AMD2:2015
IEC 62474:2018, Material declaration for products of and for the electrotechnical industry
CISPR 11, Industrial, scientific and medical equipment – Radio-frequency disturbance characteristics – Limits and methods of measurement
CISPR 32, Electromagnetic compatibility of multimedia equipment – Emission requirements
ISO 3864‑2, Graphical symbols – Safety colours and safety signs – Part 2: Design principles for product safety labels
ISO 7000, Graphical symbols for use on equipment – Registered symbols (available at http://www.graphical-symbols.info/equipment)
ISO 13849‑1:2015, Safety of machinery – Safety-related parts of control systems – Part 1: General principles for design
3Terms, definitions, symbols and reference clauses
3.1General
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
•
IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
•
ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.2Alphabetical index of definitions
| References | |
|---|---|
| A | |
| "a" contact | 3.5.12 |
| Actuating force | 3.6.17 |
| Actuating system (of a mechanical switching device) | 3.5.16 |
| Actuator | 3.5.17 |
| Ambient air temperature | 3.3.9 |
| Anti-pumping device. | 3.5.20 |
| Applied voltage (for a switching device) | 3.7.32 |
| Arcing contact | 3.5.8 |
| Arcing time (of a multipole switching device) | 3.7.41 |
| Arcing time (of a pole or a fuse) | 3.7.40 |
| Automatic control | 3.6.5 |
| Auxiliary circuit (of a switching device) | 3.5.4 |
| Auxiliary contact | 3.5.10 |
| Auxiliary switch (of a mechanical switching device) | 3.5.11 |
| B | |
| "b" contact | 3.5.13 |
| Back-up protection | 3.7.24 |
| Basic insulation | N.2.2 |
| Break contact | 3.5.13 |
| Breaking capacity (of a switching device or a fuse) | 3.7.12 |
| Breaking current (of a switching device or a fuse) | 3.7.11 |
| Break time | 3.7.42 |
| C | |
| Censoring | K.2.1.5 |
| Circuit-breaker | 3.4.11 |
| Clamping unit | 3.5.26 |
| Clearance | 3.7.46 |
| Clearance between open contacts | 3.7.49 |
| Clearance between poles | 3.7.47 |
| Clearance to earth. | 3.7.48 |
| Closed position (of a mechanical switching device) | 3.6.20 |
| Closing operation (of a mechanical switching device) | 3.6.8 |
| Closing time | 3.7.44 |
| Comparative tracking index | 3.7.64 |
| Conditional short-circuit current (of a circuit or a switching device) | 3.7.29 |
| Conductive part | 3.3.10 |
| Connecting device | 3.5.22 |
| Constant failure rate period | K.2.1.3 |
| Contact (of a mechanical switching device) | 3.5.5 |
| Contact (piece) | 3.5.6 |
| Contactor relay | 3.4.14 |
| Control circuit (of a switching device) | 3.5.3 |
| Control circuit device | 3.4.16 |
| Control contact | 3.5.9 |
| Controlgear. | 3.3.3 |
| Control and protective switching device | 3.4.24 |
| Control switch (for control and auxiliary circuits) | 3.4.17 |
| Conventional non-tripping current (of an overcurrent relay or release) | 3.7.30 |
| Conventional tripping current (of an overcurrent relay or release | 3.7.31 |
| Co-ordination of insulation. | 3.7.60 |
| Creepage distance | 3.7.51 |
| Critical load current | 3.7.16 |
| Critical short-circuit current | 3.7.17 |
| Current-carrying part | 3.5.37 |
| Current setting (of an overcurrent or overload relay or release) | 3.6.38 |
| Current setting range (of an overcurrent or overload relay or release) | 3.6.39 |
| Current sinking | S.2.3 |
| Current sourcing | S.2.4 |
| Cut-off current | 3.7.19 |
| Cut-off (current) characteristic. | 3.7.21 |
| D | |
| DC steady-state recovery voltage | 3.7.36 |
| DC withstand voltage | 3.7.67 |
| Declarable substance | W.4.1 |
| Declarable substance group | W.4.2 |
| Definite time-delay overcurrent relay or release | 3.6.27 |
| Dependent manual operation (of a mechanical switching device) | 3.6.12 |
| Dependent power operation (of a mechanical switching device) | 3.6.13 |
| Design and development | O.3.1 |
| Digital input | S.2.1 |
| Digital output | S.2.2 |
| Direct overcurrent relay or release | 3.6.29 |
| Disconnector | 3.4.8 |
| Double insulation | N.2.4 |
| E | |
| Electric shock | 3.3.20 |
| Electrical energy efficiency | V.3.3 |
| (Electrical) relay | 3.5.14 |
| (Electrically) protective separation | 3.3.25 |
| Electronically controlled electromagnet | 3.5.36 |
| Electronic overload relay with current or voltage asymmetry function | T.2.2 |
| Electronic overload relay with ground/earth fault detection function | T.2.1 |
| Electronic overload relay with phase reversal function | T.2.3 |
| Electronic overload relay with over voltage function | T.2.4 |
| Electronic overload relay with under power function | T.2.6 |
| Enclosure | 3.3.16 |
| End of life (EOL) | O.3.19 |
| Energy efficiency | V.3.4 |
| Energy management | V.3.1 |
| Energy management system (EnMS) | V.3.2 |
| Energy recovery | O.3.20 |
| Environment | O.3.2 |
| Environmental aspect | O.3.3 |
| Environmental impact | O.3.4 |
| Environmental parameter | O.3.5 |
| Environmentally conscious design (ECD) | O.3.6 |
| Environmentally conscious design tool | O.3.7 |
| Exposed conductive part | 3.3.11 |
| External controle device | U.1.1.1 |
| Extra-low voltage (ELV) | N.2.6 |
| Extraneous-conductive-part | 3.3.12 |
| F | |
| Flexible conductor | 3.5.32 |
| Functional insulation | N.2.1 |
| Fuse | 3.4.4 |
| Fuse-combination unit | 3.4.7 |
| Fuse-element. | 3.4.6 |
| Fuse-link | 3.4.5 |
| H | |
| Homogeneous field | 3.7.62 |
| Homogeneous material | W.4.3 |
| I | |
| I2t | 3.7.18 |
| Impulse withstand voltage | 3.7.55 |
| Independent manual operation (of a mechanical switching device) | 3.6.15 |
| Independent power operation (of a mechanical switching device) | 3.6.16 |
| Indicator light | 3.5.19 |
| Indirect overcurrent relay or release | 3.6.30 |
| Individual enclosure | 3.4.23 |
| Inhibit current | T.2.5 |
| Inhomogeneous field | 3.7.63 |
| Instantaneous relay or release | 3.6.25 |
| Integral enclosure | 3.3.17 |
| Insulation coordination barrier | 3.3.23 |
| Interlocking device | 3.5.21 |
| Inverse time-delay overcurrent relay or release | 3.6.28 |
| Isolating distance (of a pole of a mechanical switching device) | 3.3.24 |
| Isolation | 3.3.19 |
| J | |
| Joule integral | 3.7.18 |
| L | |
| Leakage current | 3.7.50 |
| Let-through current | 3.7.19 |
| Let-through (current) characteristic | 3.7.21 |
| Let-through energy | 3.7.18 |
| Life cycle | O.3.8 |
| Life cycle assessment (LCA) | O.3.9 |
| Life cycle stage | O.3.10 |
| Life cycle thinking (LCT) | O.3.11 |
| Limiting value | 3.7.2 |
| Line conductor | 3.3.26 |
| Live part | 3.3.13 |
| Load | V.3.5 |
| Load shedding | V.3.7 |
| Local control | 3.6.6 |
| M | |
| Magnetic overload relay or release | 3.6.33 |
| Main circuit (of a switching device) | 3.5.2 |
| Main contact | 3.5.7 |
| Maintenance | 3.3.31 |
| Make-break time | 3.7.45 |
| Make contact | 3.5.12 |
| Make time | 3.7.43 |
| Making capacity (of a switching device) | 3.7.13 |
| Manual control | 3.6.4 |
| Manufacturer | 3.3.21 |
| Material class | W.4.4 |
| Material declaration | W.4.5 |
| Maximum cross-section | 3.5.35 |
| Maximum prospective peak current (of an AC circuit) | 3.7.8 |
| (Mechanical) contactor. | 3.4.12 |
| (Mechanical) switch | 3.4.9 |
| Mechanical switching device | 3.4.2 |
| Micro-environment (of a clearance or creepage distance) | 3.7.58 |
| Mid-point conductor | 3.3.27 |
| Minimum cross-section | 3.5.34 |
| Multiple tip contact system | 3.5.33 |
| N | |
| Neutral conductor | 3.3.15 |
| Nominal value | 3.7.1 |
| No-make-break-current utilization | K.2.1.7 |
| Non-universal clamping unit | 3.5.26.2 |
| Non-universal terminal | 3.5.25.2 |
| O | |
| Open position (of a mechanical switching device) | 3.6.21 |
| Opening operation (of a mechanical switching device) | 3.6.9 |
| Opening time (of a mechanical switching device) | 3.7.39 |
| Operating current (of an overcurrent relay or release).. | 3.6.37 |
| Operating cycle (of a mechanical switching device) | 3.6.2 |
| Operating sequence (of a mechanical switching device) | 3.6.3 |
| Operation (of a mechanical switching device) | 3.6.1 |
| Organization | O.3.12 |
| Overall lifetime | K.2.1.4 |
| Overcurrent | 3.3.4 |
| Overcurrent partial selectivity | 3.7.23.3 |
| Overcurrent selectivity | 3.7.23.1 |
| Overcurrent protective co-ordination of overcurrent protective devices | 3.7.22 |
| Overcurrent relay or release | 3.6.26 |
| Overcurrent total selectivity | 3.7.23.2 |
| Overload | 3.3.7 |
| Overload current | 3.3.8 |
| Overload relay or release | 3.6.31 |
| Overvoltage category (of a circuit or within an electrical system) | 3.7.59 |
| P | |
| Peak arc voltage (of a mechanical switching device) | 3.7.38 |
| Peak shaving | V.3.6 |
| Peak withstand current | 3.7.28 |
| PEL conductor | 3.3.30 |
| PELV circuit | N.2.8 |
| PEM conductor | 3.3.28 |
| PEN conductor | 3.3.29 |
| Pilot switch | 3.4.18 |
| Pole of a switching device | 3.5.1 |
| Pollution | 3.7.56 |
| Pollution degree (of environmental conditions) | 3.7.57 |
| Port | 3.9.1 |
| Position indicating device | 3.5.18 |
| Positively driven operation | 3.6.11 |
| Positive opening operation (of a mechanical switching device) | 3.6.10 |
| Power-frequency recovery voltage | 3.7.35 |
| Power-frequency withstand voltage | 3.7.56 |
| Power port (control supply port) | 3.9.3 |
| Prepared conductor | 3.5.28 |
| Process | O.3.13 |
| Product | O.3.14 |
| Product category | O.3.15 |
| Prospective breaking current (for a pole of a switching device or a fuse). | 3.7.10 |
| Prospective current (of a circuit and with respect to a switching device or a fuse) | 3.7.5 |
| Prospective making current (for a pole of a switching device) | 3.7.9 |
| Prospective peak current | 3.7.6 |
| Prospective symmetrical current (of an AC circuit) | 3.7.7 |
| Prospective transient recovery voltage (of a circuit) | 3.7.37 |
| Protection by limitation of steady-state current and electric charge | N.2.9 |
| Protective conductor | 3.3.14 |
| Protective impedance device | N.2.10 |
| Push-button | 3.4.19 |
| Push-wire terminal | 3.5.25.3 |
| R | |
| Rated value | 3.7.3 |
| Rated control circuit supply voltage (Us) | 3.7.66 |
| Rated control circuit voltage (Uc) | 3.7.65 |
| Rating | 3.7.4 |
| Recovery voltage | 3.7.33 |
| Recyclability | O.3.18 |
| Recycling | O.3.17 |
| Reinforced insulation | N.2.5 |
| Release (of a mechanical switching device) | 3.5.15 |
| Reliability (performance) | K.2.1.1 |
| Remote control | 3.6.7 |
| Restoring force | 3.6.18 |
| Reverse current relay or release (direct current only) | 3.6.36 |
| Rigid conductor | 3.5.31 |
| Routine test | 3.8.2 |
| S | |
| Sampling test | 3.8.3 |
| Screw-type terminal | 3.5.24 |
| Screwless-type terminal | 3.5.25 |
| Selectivity | 3.7.21 |
| Selectivity limit current (Is) | 3.7.68 |
| SELV circuit | N.2.7 |
| Semiconductor contactor (solid-state contactor) | 3.4.13 |
| Semiconductor switching device | 3.4.3 |
| Short-circuit | 3.3.5 |
| Short-circuit breaking capacity | 3.7.14 |
| Short-circuit current | 3.3.6 |
| Short-circuit making capacity | 3.7.15 |
| Short-circuit protective device (SCPD) | 3.4.21 |
| Short-time delay | 3.7.26 |
| Short-time withstand current | 3.7.27 |
| Shunt release | 3.6.34 |
| Signal port | 3.9.2 |
| Solid conductor | 3.5.29 |
| Solid insulation | 3.3.22 |
| Special test. | 3.8.4 |
| Stakeholder | O.3.16 |
| Starter | 3.4.15 |
| Stranded conductor | 3.5.30 |
| Stored energy operation (of a mechanical switching device) | 3.6.14 |
| Supplementary insulation | N.2.3 |
| Surge arrester | 3.4.22 |
| Suspended item | K.2.1.6 |
| Switch-disconnector | 3.4.10 |
| Switchgear | 3.3.2 |
| Switchgear and controlgear | 3.3.1 |
| Switching device | 3.4.1 |
| T | |
| Take-over current | 3.7.25 |
| Temporary overvoltage | 3.7.53 |
| Terminal | 3.5.23 |
| Terminal block | 3.4.20 |
| Thermal overload relay or release | 3.6.32 |
| Time-current characteristic. | 3.7.20 |
| Time to failure | K.2.1.8 |
| Tracking | 3.7.63 |
| Transient recovery voltage | 3.7.34 |
| Travel (of a mechanical switching device or a part thereof) | 3.6.19 |
| Trip-free mechanical switching device | 3.6.24 |
| Tripped position | 3.6.22 |
| Tripping (operation) | 3.6.23 |
| Type test | 3.8.1 |
| U | |
| Under-voltage relay or release | 3.6.35 |
| Universal clamping unit | 3.5.26.1 |
| Universal terminal | 3.5.25.1 |
| Unprepared conductor | 3.5.27 |
| Useful life | K.2.1.2 |
| Utilization category (for a switching device or a fuse) | 3.3.18 |
| W | |
| Working voltage | 3.7.52 |
3.3General terms and definitions
3.3.1
switchgear and controlgear
general term covering switching devices and their combination with associated control, measuring, protective and regulating equipment, also assemblies of such devices and equipment with associated interconnections, accessories, enclosures and supporting structures
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-11-01]
3.3.2
switchgear
general term covering switching devices and their combination with associated control, measuring, protective and regulating equipment, also assemblies of such devices and equipment with associated interconnections, accessories, enclosures and supporting structures, intended in principle for use in connection with generation, transmission, distribution and conversion of electric energy
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-11-02]
3.3.3
controlgear
general term covering switching devices and their combination with associated control, measuring, protective and regulating equipment, also assemblies of such devices and equipment with associated interconnections, accessories, enclosures and supporting structures, intended in principle for the control of electric energy consuming equipment
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-11-03]
3.3.4
overcurrent
current exceeding the rated current
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-11-06]
3.3.5
short-circuit
accidental or intentional conductive path between two or more conductive parts forcing the electric potential differences between these conductive parts to be equal to or close to zero
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–195:1998, 195-04-11]
3.3.6
short-circuit current
overcurrent resulting from a short-circuit due to a fault or an incorrect connection in an electric circuit
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-11-07]
3.3.7
overload
operating conditions in an electrically undamaged circuit, which cause an overcurrent
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-11-08]
3.3.8
overload current
overcurrent occurring in an electrically undamaged circuit
3.3.9
ambient air temperature
temperature, determined under prescribed conditions, of the air surrounding the complete switching device or fuse
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-11-13, modified – “the” has been deleted.]
Note 1 to entry: For switching devices or fuses installed inside an enclosure, it is the temperature of the air outside the enclosure.
3.3.10
conductive part
part which is capable of conducting current although it may not necessarily be used for carrying service current
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-11-09, modified – “a” has been deleted.]
3.3.11
exposed conductive part
conductive part which can readily be touched and which is not normally alive, but which may become alive under fault conditions
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-11-10, modified – “a” has been deleted.]
Note 1 to entry: Typical exposed conductive parts are walls of enclosures, operating handles, etc.
3.3.12
extraneous-conductive-part
conductive part not forming part of the electrical installation and liable to introduce an electric potential, generally the electric potential of a local earth
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–195:1998, 195-06-11]
3.3.13
live part
conductive part intended to be energized in normal conditions, including a neutral conductor or mid-point conductor, but by convention not a PEN conductor or PEM conductor or PEL conductor
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–195:1998, 195-02-19, modified – “conductor or” deleted, “normal conditions, including a neutral conductor or mid-point conductor” replaces “normal operation, including a neutral conductor.]
Note 1 to entry: This concept does not necessarily imply a risk of electric shock.
3.3.14
protective conductor
PE (identification)
conductor provided for purposes of safety, for example protection against electric shock
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–195:1998, 195-02-09]
3.3.15
neutral conductor
N (identification)
conductor electrically connected to the neutral point and capable of contributing to the distribution of electrical energy
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–195:1998, 195-02-06, modified – alternative term “N (identification)” has been added.]
3.3.16
enclosure
part providing a specified degree of protection of equipment against certain external influences and a specified degree of protection against approach to or contact with hazardous live parts and hazardous mechanical parts
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-13-01, modified – references to “of an assembly” deleted from term and definition, “hazardous live parts and hazardous mechanical parts” replaces “live parts and against contact with moving parts”.]
3.3.17
integral enclosure
enclosure which forms an integral part of the equipment
3.3.18
utilization category
<for a switching device or a fuse> combination of specified requirements related to the condition in which the switching device or the fuse fulfils its purpose, selected to represent a characteristic group of practical applications
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-19, modified – In Note 1 to entry, “may” changed to “can”.]
Note 1 to entry: The specified requirements can concern e.g. the values of making capacities (if applicable), breaking capacities and other characteristics, the associated circuits and the relevant conditions of use and behaviour.
3.3.19
isolation
disconnection of an installation or its discrete section from any source of the electric energy for purposes of electrical safety
3.3.20
electric shock
physiological effect resulting from an electric current passing through a human or animal body
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–195:1998, 195-01-04]
3.3.21
manufacturer
for the purposes of this document, any person, company or organisation with ultimate responsibility as follows:
–
to verify compliance with the appropriate standard or standards;
–
to provide the product information according to Clause 6
Note 1 to entry: For instance, in the case of “protected starters” assembled according to the instructions of the component providers, the manufacturer will be the entity that undertook the assembly.
3.3.22
solid insulation
solid insulating material interposed between two conductive parts
3.3.23
insulation coordination barrier
solid insulating material that is not an integral part, provided for the purpose of increasing either creepage distances or clearance distances or both
3.3.24
isolating distance
<of a pole of a mechanical switching device> clearance between open contacts meeting the safety requirements specified for disconnectors
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-35, modified – “the” has been deleted.]
3.3.25
protective separation
electrically protective separation
separation of one electric circuit from another by means of:
–
double insulation, or
–
basic insulation and electrically protective screen, or
–
reinforced insulation
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–195:1998, 195-06-19, modified – “screen” replaces “screening”.]
3.3.26
line conductor
DEPRECATED: phase conductor (in AC systems) (deprecated)
DEPRECATED: pole conductor (in DC systems) (deprecated)
conductor which is energized in normal operation and capable of contributing to the transmission or distribution of electric energy but which is not a neutral or mid-point conductor
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–195:1998, 195-02-08]
3.3.27
mid-point conductor
conductor electrically connected to the mid-point and capable of contributing to the distribution of electric energy
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–195:1998, 195-02-07]
3.3.28
PEM conductor
conductor combining the functions of both a protective earthing conductor and a mid-point conductor
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–195:1998, 195-02-13]
3.3.29
PEN conductor
conductor combining the functions of both a protective earthing conductor and a neutral conductor
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–195:1998, 195-02-12]
3.3.30
PEL conductor
conductor combining the functions of both a protective earthing conductor and a line conductor
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–195:1998, 195-02-14]
3.3.31
maintenance
combination of all technical actions intended to retain an item in, or restore it to, a state in which it can perform as required
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–192:2015,192-06-01, modified – “and management” and Note 1 to entry have been deleted.]
3.4Switching devices
3.4.1
switching device
device designed to make or break the current in one or more electric circuits
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-14-01, modified – Note 1 to entry has been added.]
Note 1 to entry: A switching device can perform one or both of these operations.
3.4.2
mechanical switching device
switching device designed to close and open one or more electric circuits by means of separable contacts
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-14-02, modified – In Note 1 to entry, “may” changed to “can”.]
Note 1 to entry: Any mechanical switching device can be designated according to the medium in which its contacts open and close, e.g.: air, SF6, oil.
3.4.3
semiconductor switching device
switching device designed to make and/or break the current in an electric circuit by means of the controlled conductivity of a semiconductor
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-14-03, modified – Addition of “and/or break”.]
3.4.4
fuse
device that, by the fusing of one or more of its specifically designed and proportioned components, opens the circuit in which it is inserted by breaking the current when this exceeds a given value for a sufficient time
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-18-01]
Note 1 to entry: The fuse comprises all the parts that form the complete device.
3.4.5
fuse-link
part of a fuse (including the fuse-element(s)) intended to be replaced after the fuse has operated
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-18-09]
3.4.6
fuse-element
part of the fuse-link designed to melt under the action of current exceeding some definite value for a definite period of time
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-18-08]
3.4.7
fuse-combination unit
combination of a mechanical switching device and one or more fuses in a composite unit, assembled by the manufacturer or in accordance with their instructions
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-14-04, modified – “his instructions” has been replaced by “their instructions” and Note 1 to entry has been deleted.]
3.4.8
disconnector
mechanical switching device which, in the open position, complies with the requirements specified for isolation
3.4.9
switch
mechanical switch
mechanical switching device capable of making, carrying and breaking currents under normal circuit conditions which may include specified operating overload conditions and also carrying for a specified time currents under specified abnormal circuit conditions such as those of short-circuit
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-14-10, modified – In Note 1 to entry, “may” changed to “can”.]
Note 1 to entry: A switch can be capable of making but not breaking short-circuit currents.
3.4.10
switch-disconnector
switch which, in the open position, satisfies the isolating requirements specified for a disconnector
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-14-12]
3.4.11
circuit-breaker
mechanical switching device, capable of making, carrying and breaking currents under normal circuit conditions and also making, carrying for a specified time and breaking currents under specified abnormal circuit conditions such as those of short-circuit
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-14-20, modified – "time" replaced "duration".]
3.4.12
contactor
mechanical contactor
mechanical switching device having only one position of rest, operated otherwise than by hand, capable of making, carrying and breaking currents under normal circuit conditions including operating overload conditions
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-14-33, modified – In term, “mechanical” in parenthesis, and in Note 1 to entry, “Mechanical” has been deleted and “may” changed to “can”.]
Note 1 to entry: Contactors can be designated according to the method by which the force for closing the main contacts is provided.
3.4.13
semiconductor contactor
solid-state contactor
device which performs the function of a contactor by utilizing a semiconductor switching device
Note 1 to entry: A semiconductor contactor can also contain mechanical switching devices.
3.4.14
contactor relay
contactor used as a control switch
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-14-35]
3.4.15
starter
combination of all the switching means necessary to start and stop a motor, in combination with suitable overload protection
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-14-38, modified – In Note 1 to entry, “may” changed to “can”.]
Note 1 to entry: Starters can be designated according to the method by which the force for closing the main contacts is provided.
3.4.16
control circuit device
electrical device, intended for the controlling, signalling, interlocking, etc. of switchgear and controlgear
Note 1 to entry: Control circuit devices can include associated devices dealt with in other standards, such as instruments, potentiometers, relays, in so far as such associated devices are used for the purposes specified.
3.4.17
control switch
<for control and auxiliary circuits> mechanical switching device which serves the purpose of controlling the operation of switchgear or controlgear, including signalling, electrical interlocking, etc.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-14-46]
Note 1 to entry: A control switch consists of one or more contact elements with a common actuating system.
3.4.18
pilot switch
non-manual control switch actuated in response to specified conditions of an actuating quantity
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-14-48, modified – In Note 1 to entry, “may” changed to “can”.]
Note 1 to entry: The actuating quantity can be pressure, temperature, velocity, liquid level, elapsed time, etc.
3.4.19
push-button
control switch having an actuator intended to be operated by force exerted by a part of the human body, usually the finger or palm of the hand, and having stored energy (spring) return
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-14-53]
3.4.20
terminal block
insulating part carrying one or more mutually insulated terminal assemblies and intended to be fixed to a support
3.4.21
short-circuit protective device
SCPD
device intended to protect a circuit or parts of a circuit against short-circuit currents by interrupting them
3.4.22
surge arrester
device designed to protect the electrical apparatus from high transient overvoltages and to limit the duration and frequently the amplitude of the follow-on current
3.4.23
individual enclosure
enclosure designed and dimensioned to contain one equipment only
3.4.24
control and protective switching device
CPS
mechanical switching device operated other than by hand, but with or without local manual operating means, capable of:
–
making, carrying and breaking currents under normal conditions, including specified operating overload conditions
–
making, carrying for a specified time, and breaking currents under specified abnormal conditions such as those of short-circuits
3.5Parts of switching devices
3.5.1
pole of a switching device
portion of a switching device associated exclusively with one electrically separated conducting path of its main circuit and excluding those portions which provide a means for mounting and operating all poles together
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-15-01, modified – In Note 1 to entry, “may” changed to “can”.]
Note 1 to entry: A switching device is called single-pole if it has only one pole. If it has more than one pole, it can be called multipole (two-pole, three-pole, etc.) provided the poles are or can be coupled in such a manner as to operate together.
3.5.2
main circuit
<of a switching device> all the conductive parts of a switching device included in the circuit which it is designed to close or open
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-15-02]
3.5.3
control circuit
<of a switching device> all the conductive parts (other than the main circuit) of a switching device which are included in a circuit used for the closing operation or opening operation, or both, of the device
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-15-03]
3.5.4
auxiliary circuit
<of a switching device> all the conductive parts of a switching device which are intended to be included in a circuit other than the main circuit and the control circuits of the device
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-15-04, modified – In Note 1 to entry, “may” changed to “can”.]
Note 1 to entry: Some auxiliary circuits fulfil supplementary functions such as signalling, interlocking, etc., and, as such, they can be part of the control circuit of another switching device.
3.5.5
contact
<of a mechanical switching device> conductive parts designed to establish circuit continuity when they touch and which, due to their relative motion during an operation, open or close a circuit or, in the case of hinged or sliding contacts, maintain circuit continuity
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-15-05]
3.5.6
contact
contact piece
one of the conductive parts forming a contact
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-15-06]
3.5.7
main contact
contact included in the main circuit of a mechanical switching device, intended to carry, in the closed position, the current of the main circuit
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-15-07]
3.5.8
arcing contact
contact on which the arc is intended to be established
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-15-08, modified – “injury” has been replaced by “deterioration” and In Note 1 to entry, “may” changed to “can”.]
Note 1 to entry: An arcing contact can serve as a main contact; it can be a separate contact so designed that it opens after and closes before another contact which it is intended to protect from deterioration.
3.5.9
control contact
contact included in a control circuit of a mechanical switching device and mechanically operated by this device
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-15-09]
3.5.10
auxiliary contact
contact included in an auxiliary circuit and mechanically operated by the switching device
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-15-10]
3.5.11
auxiliary switch
<of a mechanical switching device> switch containing one or more control and/or auxiliary contacts mechanically operated by a switching device
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-15-11]
3.5.12
"a" contact
make contact
control or auxiliary contact which is closed when the main contacts of the mechanical switching device are closed and open when they are open
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-15-12]
3.5.13
"b" contact
break contact
control or auxiliary contact which is open when the main contacts of the mechanical switching device are closed and closed when they are open
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-15-13]
3.5.14
relay
electrical relay
device designed to produce sudden, predetermined changes in one or more electric output circuits when certain conditions are fulfilled in the electric input circuits controlling the device
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–151:2001, 151-13-31]
3.5.15
release
<of a mechanical switching device> device, mechanically connected to a mechanical switching device, which releases the holding means and permits the opening or the closing of the switching device
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-15-17, modified – Note 1 to entry has been added.]
3.5.16
actuating system
<of a mechanical switching device> whole of the operating means of a mechanical switching device which transmit the actuating force to the contact pieces
Note 1 to entry: The operating means of an actuating system can be mechanical, electromagnetic, hydraulic, pneumatic, thermal, etc.
3.5.17
actuator
part of the actuating system to which an external actuating force is applied
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-15-22]
Note 1 to entry: The actuator can take the form of a handle, knob, push-button, roller, plunger, etc.
3.5.18
position indicating device
part of a mechanical switching device which indicates whether it is in the open, closed, or, where appropriate, earthed position
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-15-25]
3.5.19
indicator light
light signal giving information either by lighting or extinguishing
3.5.20
anti-pumping device
device which prevents reclosing after a close-open operation as long as the device initiating closing is maintained in the position for closing
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-16-48]
3.5.21
interlocking device
device which makes the operation of a switching device dependent upon the position of operation of one or more other pieces of equipment
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-16-49]
3.5.22
connecting device
device for the electrical connection of one (or more) conductor(s), comprising one (or more) terminal(s), either fixed to a base or forming an integral part of the equipment
[SOURCE: IEC 60999–1:1999, 3.3]
3.5.23
terminal
conductive part of one pole of a device for electrical connection to external circuit, composed of one or more clamping unit(s) and insulation if necessary
[SOURCE: IEC 60999–1:1999, 3.2, modified – “of a device for electrical connection to external circuit” has been added.]
3.5.24
screw-type terminal
terminal intended for the connection and disconnection of conductors or for the inter-connection of two or more conductors, the connection being made, directly or indirectly, by means of screws or nuts of any kind
Note 1 to entry: Examples are given in Annex D.
3.5.25
screwless-type terminal
terminal intended for the connection and disconnection of conductors or for the interconnection on two or more conductors, the connection being made, directly or indirectly, by means of springs, wedges, eccentrics or cones, etc.
Note 1 to entry: Examples are given in Annex D.
3.5.25.1
universal terminal
terminal for the connection and disconnection of all types of conductors (solid, stranded and flexible)
[SOURCE: IEC 60998–2–2:2002, 3.101.1, modified – “(rigid and flexible)” replaced with “(solid, stranded and flexible)”.]
3.5.25.2
non-universal terminal
terminal for the connection and disconnection of a certain kind of conductor only (for example, solid conductors only or solid and stranded conductors only)
[SOURCE: IEC 60998–2–2:2002, 3.101.2, modified – “rigid solid and stranded” replaced with “solid and stranded”.]
3.5.25.3
push-wire terminal
non-universal terminal in which the connection is made by pushing in solid or stranded conductors
[SOURCE: IEC 60998–2–2:2002, 3.101.3, modified – “rigid (solid or stranded)” replaced with “solid or stranded”.]
3.5.26
clamping unit
part(s) of the terminal necessary for the mechanical clamping and the electrical connection of the conductor(s), including the parts which are necessary to ensure the correct contact pressure
[SOURCE: IEC 60999–1:1999, 3.1]
3.5.26.1
universal clamping unit
clamping unit intended for all types of conductors
3.5.26.2
non-universal clamping unit
clamping unit intended for certain types of conductors only, for example:
–
push-wire clamping unit for solid conductors only
–
push-wire clamping unit for solid and stranded conductors only
Note 1 to entry: On push-wire clamping unit the connection is made by simple insertion of solid or stranded conductors (see 8.1.8.1).
3.5.27
unprepared conductor
conductor which has been cut and the insulation of which has been removed for insertion into a terminal
Note 1 to entry: A conductor the shape of which is arranged for introduction into a terminal or the strands of which are twisted to consolidate the end is considered to be an unprepared conductor.
3.5.28
prepared conductor
conductor, the strands of which are soldered or the end of which is fitted with a cable lug, eyelet, etc.
3.5.29
solid conductor
conductor consisting of a single wire
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–461:2008, 461-01-06, modified – In Note 1 to entry, “may” changed to “can”, and Note 2 to entry has been added.]
Note 1 to entry: The solid conductor can be circular or shaped.
Note 2 to entry: Solid conductor is defined as class 1 conductor in IEC 60228, or by IEC 60344, or equivalent AWG/kcmil.
3.5.30
stranded conductor
conductor consisting of a number of wires, all or some of which are wound in a helix
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–151:2001, 151-12-36, modified – Note 1 to entry has been added.]
Note 1 to entry: Stranded conductor is defined as class 2 conductor in IEC 60228, or by IEC 60344, or equivalent AWG/kcmil.
3.5.31
rigid conductor
solid or stranded conductor having wires of such diameters, or so assembled, that the conductor is not suitable for use in a flexible cable
3.5.32
flexible conductor
stranded conductor having wires of diameters small enough and so assembled that the conductor is suitable for use in a flexible cable
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–461:2008, 461-01-11, modified – Note 1 to entry has been added.]
Note 1 to entry: Flexible conductor is defined as class 5 or class 6 conductor in IEC 60228, or by IEC 60344, or equivalent AWG/kcmil.
3.5.33
multiple tip contact system
contact system comprising more than one contact gap per pole, which can be switched, in series and/or in parallel
3.5.34
minimum cross-section
value of the smallest connectable conductor cross-section stated by the manufacturer as suitable for the terminal
Note 1 to entry: The manufacturer can declare several minimum cross-sections depending on the type of conductor, for example solid, stranded, flexible, with or without ferrule.
3.5.35
maximum cross-section
value of the largest connectable conductor cross-section stated by the manufacturer as suitable for the terminal
Note 1 to entry: The manufacturer can declare several maximum cross-sections depending on the type of conductor, for example solid, stranded, flexible, with or without ferrule.
Note 2 to entry: The term “rated cross-section” used in IEC 60947‑7–1 and IEC 60999–2 and the term “rated connecting capacity” of a clamping unit used in IEC 60999–1 are considered equivalent when referring to certain thermal, mechanical and electrical requirements, as stated by the manufacturer and as specified in their relevant product standard.
3.5.36
electronically controlled electromagnet
electromagnet in which the coil is controlled by a circuit with active electronic elements
3.5.37
current-carrying part
conductive part which carries the electric current under normal conditions
Note 1 to entry: The line conductor (L), the neutral conductor (N), the mid-point conductor (M), the PEN conductor, the PEM conductor and the PEL conductor are the current-carrying parts. The protective conductor (PE) is not a current-carrying part.
3.6Operation of switching devices
3.6.1
operation
<of a mechanical switching device> transfer of the moving contact(s) from one position to an adjacent position
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-16-01, modified – in Note 1 to entry, “for example” has been added and “may” changed to “can”.]
Note 1 to entry: For example, for a circuit-breaker, this can be a closing operation or an opening operation.
Note 2 to entry: If distinction is necessary, an operation in the electrical sense, e.g., make or break, is referred to as a switching operation, and an operation in the mechanical sense, e.g., close or open, is referred to as a mechanical operation.
3.6.2
operating cycle
<of a mechanical switching device> succession of operations from one position to another and back to the first position through all other positions, if any
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-16-02]
3.6.3
operating sequence
<of a mechanical switching device> succession of specified operations with specified time intervals
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-16-03]
3.6.4
manual control
control of an operation by human intervention
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-16-04]
3.6.5
automatic control
control of an operation without human intervention, in response to the occurrence of predetermined conditions
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-16-05]
3.6.6
local control
control of an operation at a point on or adjacent to the controlled switching device
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-16-06]
3.6.7
remote control
control of an operation at a point distant from the controlled switching device
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-16-07]
3.6.8
closing operation
<of a mechanical switching device> operation by which the device is brought from the open position to the closed position
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-16-08]
3.6.9
opening operation
<of a mechanical switching device> operation by which the device is brought from the closed position to the open position
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-16-09]
3.6.10
positive opening operation
<of a mechanical switching device> opening operation which, in accordance with specified requirements, ensures that all the main contacts are in the open position when the actuator is in the position corresponding to the open position of the device
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-16-11]
3.6.11
positively driven operation
operation which, in accordance with specified requirements, is designed to ensure that auxiliary contacts of a mechanical switching device are in the respective positions corresponding to the open or closed position of the main contacts
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-16-12]
3.6.12
dependent manual operation
<of a mechanical switching device> operation solely by means of directly applied manual energy such that the speed and force of the operation are dependent upon the action of the operator
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-16-13]
3.6.13
dependent power operation
<of a mechanical switching device> operation by means of energy other than manual, where the completion of the operation is dependent upon the continuity of the power supply (to solenoids, electric or pneumatic motors, etc.)
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-16-14]
3.6.14
stored energy operation
<of a mechanical switching device> operation by means of energy stored in the mechanism itself prior to the completion of the operation and sufficient to complete it under predetermined conditions
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-16-15, modified – In Note 1 to entry, “may” changed to “can”.]
Note 1 to entry: This kind of operation can be subdivided according to:
1)
the manner of storing the energy (spring, weight, etc.);
2)
the origin of the energy (manual, electric, etc.);
3)
the manner of releasing the energy (manual, electric, etc.).
3.6.15
independent manual operation
<of a mechanical switching device> stored energy operation where the energy originates from manual power, stored and released in one continuous operation, such that the speed and force of the operation are independent of the action of the operator
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-16-16]
3.6.16
independent power operation
<of a mechanical switching device> stored energy operation where the stored energy originates from an external power source and is released in one continuous operation, such that the speed and force of the operation are independent of the action of the operator
3.6.17
actuating force
force applied to an actuator necessary to complete the intended operation
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-16-17]
3.6.18
restoring force
force provided to restore an actuator or a contact element to its initial position
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-16-19]
3.6.19
travel
<of a mechanical switching device or a part thereof> displacement (translation or rotation) of a point on a moving element
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-16-21 – In Note 1 to entry, “may” changed to “can”.]
Note 1 to entry: Distinction can be made between pre-travel, over-travel, etc.
3.6.20
closed position
<of a mechanical switching device> position in which the predetermined continuity of the main circuit of the device is secured
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-16-22]
3.6.21
open position
<of a mechanical switching device> position in which the predetermined dielectric withstand voltage requirements are satisfied between open contacts in the main circuit of the device
3.6.22
tripped position
position of the switching device following a tripping operation
3.6.23
tripping (operation)
opening operation of a mechanical switching device initiated by a relay or release
3.6.24
trip-free mechanical switching device
mechanical switching device, the moving contacts of which return to and remain in the open position when the opening (i.e. tripping) operation is initiated after the initiation of the closing operation, even if the closing command is maintained
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-16-31, modified – Addition of "(i.e. tripping)" since the opening operation of a trip-free mechanical switching device is automatically controlled, in Note 1 to entry, “may” changed to “can”.]
Note 1 to entry: To ensure proper breaking of the current which can have been established, it may be necessary that the contacts momentarily reach the closed position.
3.6.25
instantaneous relay or release
relay or release which operates without any intentional time-delay
3.6.26
overcurrent relay or release
relay or release which causes a mechanical switching device to open with or without time-delay when the current in the relay or release exceeds a predetermined value
Note 1 to entry: This value can in some cases depend upon the rate-of-rise of current.
3.6.27
definite time-delay overcurrent relay or release
overcurrent relay or release which operates with a definite time-delay which may be adjustable, but is independent of the value of the overcurrent
3.6.28
inverse time-delay overcurrent relay or release
overcurrent relay or release which operates after a time-delay inversely dependent upon the value of the overcurrent
Note 1 to entry: Such a relay or release can be designed so that the time-delay approaches a definite minimum value for high values of overcurrent.
3.6.29
direct overcurrent relay or release
overcurrent relay or release directly energized by the current in the main circuit of a switching device
3.6.30
indirect overcurrent relay or release
overcurrent relay or release energized by the current in the main circuit of a switching device through a current transformer or a shunt
3.6.31
overload relay or release
overcurrent relay or release intended for protection against overloads
3.6.32
thermal overload relay or release
inverse time-delay overload relay or release depending for its operation (including its time-delay) on the thermal action of the current flowing in the relay or release
3.6.33
magnetic overload relay or release
overload relay or release depending for its operation on the force exerted by the current in the main circuit exciting the coil of an electromagnet
Note 1 to entry: Such a relay or release usually has an inverse time-delay/current characteristic.
3.6.34
shunt release
release energized by a source of voltage
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-16-41, modified – In Note 1 to entry, “may” changed to “can”.]
Note 1 to entry: The source of voltage can be independent of the voltage of the main circuit.
3.6.35
under-voltage relay or release
relay or release which permits a mechanical switching device to open or close, with or without time-delay, when the voltage across the terminals of the relay or release falls below a predetermined value
3.6.36
reverse current relay or release (direct current only)
relay or release which permits a mechanical switching device to open, with or without time-delay, when the current flows in the reverse direction and exceeds a predetermined value
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-16-43, modified – “shunt release” replaced by “relay or release”.]
3.6.37
operating current
<of an overcurrent relay or release> value of current at and above which the relay or release will operate
3.6.38
current-setting
<of an overcurrent or overload relay or release> value of current of the main circuit to which the operating characteristics of the relay or release are referred and for which the relay or release is set
Note 1 to entry: A relay or release can have more than one current setting, provided by an adjustment dial, interchangeable heaters, etc.
3.6.39
current setting range
<of an overcurrent or overload relay or release> range between the minimum and maximum values over which the current setting of the relay or release can be adjusted
3.7Characteristic quantities
3.7.1
nominal value
value of a quantity used to designate and identify a component, device, equipment, or system
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–151:2001, 151-16-09]
Note 1 to entry: The nominal value is generally a rounded value.
3.7.2
limiting value
in a specification of a component, device, equipment, or system, the greatest or smallest admissible value of a quantity
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–151:2001, 151-16-10]
3.7.3
rated value
value of a quantity used for specification purposes, established for a specified set of operating conditions of a component, device, equipment, or system
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–151:2001, 151-16-08]
3.7.4
rating
set of rated values and operating conditions
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–151:2001, 151-16-11]
3.7.5
prospective current
<of a circuit and with respect to a switching device or a fuse> current that would flow in the circuit if each pole of the switching device or the fuse were replaced by a conductor of negligible impedance
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-01, modified – In the Note 1 to entry, “relevant publications” is replaced by “relevant product standard”.]
Note 1 to entry: The method to be used to evaluate and to express the prospective current is to be specified in the relevant product standard.
3.7.6
prospective peak current
peak value of a prospective current during the transient period following initiation
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-02]
Note 1 to entry: The definition assumes that the current is made by an ideal switching device, i.e. with instantaneous transition from infinite to zero impedance. For circuits where the current can follow several different paths, e.g. polyphase circuits, it further assumes that the current is made simultaneously in all poles, even if only the current in one pole is considered.
3.7.7
prospective symmetrical current
<of an AC circuit> prospective current when it is initiated at such an instant that no transient phenomenon follows the initiation
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-03, modified – In the Note 2 to entry, “RMS value” instead of “RMS”.]
Note 1 to entry: For polyphase circuits the condition of non-transient period can only be satisfied for the current in one pole at a time.
Note 2 to entry: The prospective symmetrical current is expressed by its RMS value.
3.7.8
maximum prospective peak current
<of an AC circuit> prospective peak current when initiation of the current takes place at the instant which leads to the highest possible value
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-04, modified – In the Note 1 to entry, “to a single pole only” replaced by “to one pole only”.]
Note 1 to entry: For a multipole device in a polyphase circuit, the maximum prospective peak current refers to one pole only.
3.7.9
prospective making current
<for a pole of a switching device> prospective current when initiated under specified conditions
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-05, modified – In the Note 1 to entry, “is found in the relevant publications” replaced by “is given in the relevant product standard and “may” changed to “can”.]
Note 1 to entry: The specified conditions can relate to the method of initiation, e.g. by an ideal switching device, or to the instant of initiation, e.g., leading to the maximum prospective peak current in an AC circuit, or to the highest rate of rise. The specification of these conditions is given in the relevant product standard.
3.7.10
prospective breaking current
<for a pole of a switching device or a fuse> prospective current evaluated at a time corresponding to the instant of the initiation of the breaking process
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-06, modified – In the Note 1 to entry, “are to be found in the relevant publications” replaced by “are given in the relevant product standard”.]
Note 1 to entry: Specifications concerning the instant of the initiation of the breaking process are given in the relevant product standard. For mechanical switching devices or fuses, it is usually defined as the moment of initiation of the arc during the breaking process.
3.7.11
breaking current
<of a switching device or a fuse> current in a pole of a switching device or in a fuse at the instant of initiation of the arc during a breaking process
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-07, modified – Note 1 to entry has been added.]
Note 1 to entry: For alternating current, the current is expressed as the symmetrical RMS value of the AC component.
3.7.12
breaking capacity
<of a switching device or a fuse> value of prospective breaking current that a switching device or a fuse is capable of breaking at a stated voltage under prescribed conditions of use and behaviour
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-08, modified – In the Note 1 to entry, “the relevant publications” has been replaced by “the relevant product standard”, the Note 2 to entry has been modified and the Note 3 to entry has been added.]
Note 1 to entry: The voltage to be stated and the conditions to be prescribed are dealt with in the relevant product standard.
Note 2 to entry: For alternating current, the current is expressed as the symmetrical RMS value of the AC component.
Note 3 to entry: For short-circuit breaking capacity, see 3.7.14.
3.7.13
making capacity
<of a switching device> value of prospective making current that a switching device is capable of making at a stated voltage under prescribed conditions of use and behaviour
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-09, modified – In the title, reference to “a fuse“ deleted, in the Note 1 to entry, “the relevant publications” has been replaced by “the relevant product standard” and addition of the Note 2 to entry.]
Note 1 to entry: The voltage to be stated and the conditions to be prescribed are dealt with in the relevant product standard.
Note 2 to entry: For short-circuit making capacity, see 3.7.15.
3.7.14
short-circuit breaking capacity
breaking capacity for which prescribed conditions include a short-circuit at the terminals of the switching device
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-11]
3.7.15
short-circuit making capacity
making capacity for which prescribed conditions include a short-circuit at the terminals of the switching device
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-10]
3.7.16
critical load current
Icrit
value of breaking current, within the range of service conditions, at which the arcing time is significantly extended
Note 1 to entry: This phenomenon, crucial for direct currents (e.g. photovoltaïc (PV) applications), is due to the low magnetic field coming from the arc current, creating a slow moving arc.
3.7.17
critical short-circuit current
value of breaking current, less than the rated short-circuit breaking capacity, at which the arc energy is significantly higher than at the rated short-circuit breaking capacity
3.7.18
I2t
let-through energy
Joule integral
integral of the square of the current over a given time interval
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-18-23, modified – Notes to entry 1, 2 and 3 have been deleted, “let-through energy” added as second preferred term.]
3.7.19
cut-off current
let-through current
maximum instantaneous value of current attained during the breaking operation of a switching device or a fuse
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-12]
Note 1 to entry: This concept is of particular importance when the switching device or the fuse operates in such a manner that the prospective peak current of the circuit is not reached.
3.7.20
time-current characteristic
curve giving the time, e.g. pre-arcing time or operating time, as a function of the prospective current, under stated conditions of operation
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-13]
3.7.21
cut-off (current) characteristic
let-through (current) characteristic
curve giving the cut-off current as a function of the prospective current, under stated conditions of operation
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-14]
Note 1 to entry: In the case of alternating current, the values of the cut-off currents are the maximum values which can be reached whatever the degree of asymmetry. In the case of direct current, the values of the cut-off currents are the maximum values reached related to the time constant as specified.
3.7.22
overcurrent protective co-ordination of overcurrent protective devices
co-ordination of two or more overcurrent protective devices in series to ensure overcurrent selectivity and/or back-up protection
3.7.23.1
overcurrent selectivity
co-ordination of the operating characteristics of two or more overcurrent protective devices such that, on the incidence of overcurrents within stated limits, the device intended to operate within these limits does so, while the other(s) does (do) not
Note 1 to entry: Distinction is made between series selectivity involving different overcurrent protective devices passing substantially the same overcurrent and network selectivity involving identical protective devices passing different proportions of the overcurrent.
3.7.23.2
over-current total selectivity
over-current selectivity where, in the presence of two over-current protective devices in series, the protective device on the load side effects the protection without causing the other protective device to operate
3.7.23.3
over-current partial selectivity
over-current selectivity where, in the presence of two over-current protective devices in series, the protective device on the load side effects the protection up to a given level of over-current, without causing the other protective device to operate
3.7.24
back-up protection
overcurrent co-ordination of two overcurrent protective devices in series where the protective device, generally but not necessarily on the supply side, effects the overcurrent protection with or without the assistance of the other protective device and prevents any excessive stress on the latter
3.7.25
take-over current
current co-ordinate of the intersection between the maximum break time-current characteristics of two overcurrent protective devices in series
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-16, modified – Addition of "maximum break" and of "in series".]
3.7.26
short-time delay
any intentional delay in operation within the limits of the rated short-time withstand current
3.7.27
short-time withstand current
current that a circuit or a switching device in the closed position can carry during a specified short time under prescribed conditions of use and behaviour
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-17]
3.7.28
peak withstand current
value of peak current that a circuit or a switching device in the closed position can withstand under prescribed conditions of use and behaviour
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-18]
3.7.29
conditional short-circuit current
<of a circuit or a switching device> prospective current that a circuit or a switching device, protected by a specified short-circuit protective device, can satisfactorily withstand for the total operating time of that device under specified conditions of use and behaviour
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-20, modified – “current-limiting device” replaced by “short-circuit protective device”, “total” added before “operating time”, Note 1 to entry added.]
Note 1 to entry: For the purpose of this document, the short-circuit protective device is generally a circuit-breaker or a fuse.
3.7.30
conventional non-tripping current
<of an overcurrent relay or release> specified value of current which the relay or release can carry for a specified time (conventional time) without operating
3.7.31
conventional tripping current
<of an overcurrent relay or release> specified value of current which causes the relay or release to operate within a specified time (conventional time)
3.7.32
applied voltage
<for a switching device> voltage which exists across the terminals of a pole of a switching device just before the making of the current
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-24, modified – Note 1 to entry has been added.]
Note 1 to entry: This definition applies to a single-pole device. For a multipole device, it is the phase-to-phase voltage across the supply terminals of the device.
3.7.33
recovery voltage
voltage which appears across the terminals of a pole of a switching device or a fuse after the breaking of the current
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-25, modified – In Note 1 to entry, “may” changed to “can”, and Note 2 to entry added.]
Note 1 to entry: This voltage can be considered in two successive intervals of time, one during which a transient voltage exists, followed by a second one during which the power-frequency voltage or the steady-state recovery voltage alone exists.
Note 2 to entry: This definition applies to a single-pole device. For a multipole device, it is the phase-to-phase voltage across the supply terminals of the device.
3.7.34
transient recovery voltage
TRV
recovery voltage during the time in which it has a significant transient character
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-26, modified – In Note 1 to entry, “may” changed to “can”.]
Note 1 to entry: The transient recovery voltage can be oscillatory or non-oscillatory or a combination of these depending on the characteristics of the circuit, the switching device or the fuse. lt includes the voltage shift of the neutral of a polyphase circuit.
Note 2 to entry: The transient recovery voltage in three-phase circuits is, unless otherwise stated, that across the first pole to clear, because this voltage is generally higher than that which appears across each of the other two poles.
3.7.35
power-frequency recovery voltage
recovery voltage after the transient voltage phenomena have subsided
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-27]
3.7.36
DC steady-state recovery voltage
recovery voltage in a DC circuit after the transient voltage phenomena have subsided, expressed by the mean value where ripple is present
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-28]
3.7.37
prospective transient recovery voltage
<of a circuit> transient recovery voltage following the breaking of the prospective symmetrical current by an ideal switching device
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-29]
Note 1 to entry: The definition assumes that the switching device or the fuse, for which the prospective transient recovery voltage is sought, is replaced by an ideal switching device, i.e. having instantaneous transition from zero to infinite impedance at the very instant of zero current, i.e. at the "natural" zero. For circuits where the current can follow several different paths, e.g. a polyphase circuit, the definition further assumes that the breaking of the current by the ideal switching device takes place only in the pole considered.
3.7.38
peak arc voltage
<of a mechanical switching device> maximum instantaneous value of voltage which, under prescribed conditions, appears across the terminals of a pole of a switching device during the arcing time
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-30]
3.7.39
opening time
<of a mechanical switching device> interval of time between the specified instant of initiation of the opening operation and the instant when the arcing contacts have separated in all poles
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-36, modified – In the Note 1 to entry, “in the relevant product standard” instead of “in the relevant specification”.]
Note 1 to entry: The instant of initiation of the opening operation, i.e. the application of the opening command (e.g. energizing the release, etc.), is given in the relevant product standard.
3.7.40
arcing time
<of a pole or a fuse> interval of time between the instant of the initiation of the arc in a pole or a fuse and the instant of final arc extinction in that pole or that fuse
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-37]
3.7.41
arcing time
<of a multipole switching device> interval of time between the instant of the first initiation of an arc and the instant of final arc extinction in all poles
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-38]
3.7.42
break time
interval of time between the beginning of the opening time of a mechanical switching device (or the pre-arcing time of a fuse) and the end of the arcing time
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-39]
3.7.43
make time
interval of time between the initiation of the closing operation and the instant when the current begins to flow in the main circuit
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-40]
3.7.44
closing time
interval of time between the initiation of the closing operation and the instant when the contacts touch in all poles
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-41]
3.7.45
make-break time
interval of time between the instant when the current begins to flow in a pole and the instant of final arc extinction in all poles, with the opening release energized at the instant when current begins to flow in the main circuit
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-43]
3.7.46
clearance
distance between two conductive parts, along a string stretched the shortest way between these conductive parts
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-31]
3.7.47
clearance between poles
clearance between any conductive parts of adjacent poles
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-32]
3.7.48
clearance to earth
clearance between any conductive parts and any parts which are earthed or intended to be earthed
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-33]
3.7.49
clearance between open contacts
total clearance between the contacts, or any conductive parts connected thereto, of a pole of a mechanical switching device in the open position
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–441:2000, 441-17-34]
3.7.50
leakage current
current flowing from the live parts of the equipment to earth or over the open contacts during the isolation test in the absence of an insulation fault
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–442:1998, 442-01-24, modified – Term without “earth” and, in the term definition, “equipment” instead of “installation” and addition of “or over the open contacts during the isolation test”.]
3.7.51
creepage distance
shortest distance along the surface of an insulating material between two conductive parts
Note 1 to entry: A joint between two pieces of insulating material is considered part of the surface.
3.7.52
working voltage
highest RMS value of the AC or DC voltage across any particular insulation which can occur when the equipment is supplied at rated voltage
Note 1 to entry: Transients are disregarded.
Note 2 to entry: Both open-circuit conditions and normal operating conditions are taken into account.
3.7.53
temporary overvoltage
power frequency overvoltage of relatively long duration
Note 1 to entry: A temporary overvoltage is undamped or weakly damped. In some cases, its frequency may be several times smaller or greater than power frequency.
3.7.54
impulse withstand voltage
highest peak impulse voltage, of prescribed form and polarity, which does not cause breakdown under specified conditions of test
3.7.55
power-frequency withstand voltage
RMS value of a power-frequency sinusoidal voltage which does not cause breakdown under specified conditions of test
Note 1 to entry: For DC withstand voltage, see 3.7.67.
3.7.56
pollution
any condition of foreign matter, solid, liquid or gaseous (ionized gases), that may affect dielectric strength or surface resistivity
3.7.57
pollution degree
<of environmental conditions> conventional number based on the amount of conductive or hygroscopic dust, ionized gas or salt and on the relative humidity and its frequency of occurrence, resulting in hygroscopic absorption or condensation of moisture leading to reduction in dielectric strength and/or surface resistivity
Note 1 to entry: The pollution degree to which equipment is exposed can be different from that of the macro-environment where the equipment is located because of protection offered by means such as an enclosure or internal heating to prevent absorption or condensation of moisture.
Note 2 to entry: For the purpose of this document, the pollution degree is that of the micro-environment.
3.7.58
micro-environment
<of a clearance or creepage distance> set of ambient conditions surrounding the clearance or creepage distance that are being considered
Note 1 to entry: The micro-environment of the creepage distance or clearance and not the environment of the equipment determines the effect on the insulation. The micro-environment might be better or worse than the environment of the equipment. It includes all factors influencing the insulation, such as climatic and electromagnetic conditions, generation of pollution, etc.
3.7.59
overvoltage category
<of a circuit or within an electrical system> conventional number based on limiting (or controlling) the values of prospective transient overvoltages occurring in a circuit (or within an electrical system having different nominal voltages) and depending upon the means employed to influence the overvoltages
Note 1 to entry: In an electrical system, the transition from one overvoltage category to another of lower category is obtained through appropriate means complying with interface requirements, such as an overvoltage protective device or a series-shunt impedance arrangement capable of dissipating, absorbing, or diverting the energy in the associated surge current, to lower the transient overvoltage value to that of the desired lower overvoltage category.
3.7.60
co-ordination of insulation
correlation of insulating characteristics of electrical equipment with the expected overvoltages and the characteristics of overvoltage protective devices on the one hand, and with the expected micro-environment and the pollution protective means on the other hand
3.7.61
homogeneous field
electric field which has an essentially constant voltage gradient between electrodes, such as that between two spheres where the radius of each sphere is greater than the distance between them
3.7.62
inhomogeneous field
electric field which has not an essentially constant voltage gradient between electrodes
3.7.63
tracking
progressive formation of conducting paths which are produced on the surface of a solid insulating material, due to the combined effects of electric stress and electrolytic contamination on this surface
3.7.64
comparative tracking index
CTI
numerical value of the maximum voltage in volts which a material can withstand without tracking and without a persistent flame occurring under specified test conditions
[SOURCE: IEC 60050–212:2010, 212-11-59]
3.7.65
rated control circuit voltage
Uc
rated voltage which is controlling the input signal of the control device
3.7.66
rated control circuit supply voltage
Us
rated voltage applied to energize the power supply terminals of the control circuit
3.7.67
DC withstand voltage
arithmetic mean value of a DC voltage which does not cause breakdown under specified conditions of test
3.7.68
selectivity limit current
Is
current co-ordinate of the intersection between the total time-current characteristic of the protective device on the load side and the pre-arcing (for fuses), or tripping (for circuit-breakers) time-current characteristic of the other protective device
Note 1 to entry: The selectivity limit current (see Figure X.1) is a limiting value of current:
–
below which, in the presence of two over-current protective devices in series, the protective device on the load side completes its breaking operation in time to prevent the other protective device from starting its operation (i.e. selectivity is ensured);
–
above which, in the presence of two over-current protective devices in series, the protective device on the load side cannot complete its breaking operation in time to prevent the other protective device from starting its operation (i.e. selectivity is not ensured).
3.8Tests
3.8.1
type test
test of one or more devices made to a certain design to show that the design meets certain specifications
3.8.2
routine test
test to which each individual device is subjected during and/or after manufacture to ascertain whether it complies with certain criteria
3.8.3
sampling test
test on a number of devices taken at random from a batch
3.8.4
special test
test, additional to type tests and routine tests, made either at the discretion of the manufacturer or according to an agreement between manufacturer and user
3.9Ports
3.9.1
port
particular interface of the specified apparatus with the external electromagnetic environment
3.9.2
signal port
port at which a conductor or cable carrying information for transferring data is connected to the apparatus
Note 1 to entry: Examples are data buses, communication networks, control networks.
3.9.3
power port
control supply port
port at which a conductor or cable carrying the primary electrical power needed for the operation (functioning) of an apparatus or associated apparatus is connected to the apparatus
3.10Symbols and references clauses for characteristics described in this document
Ithe | Conventional enclosed thermal current (5.3.2.2) |
Ith | Conventional free air thermal current (5.3.2.1)
Eight-hour duty (5.3.4.1)
Intermittent duty (5.3.4.3)
Periodic duty (5.3.4.5) |
Z | Pole impedance of the switching device (5.3.7)
Rated breaking capacity (5.3.5.3) |
Iq or Icc | Rated conditional short-circuit current (5.3.6.4) |
Uc | Rated control circuit voltage (3.7.65) |
Us | Rated control circuit supply voltage (3.7.66) |
In | Rated current (rating defined in relevant product standard)
Rated frequency (5.3.3) |
Uimp | Rated impulse withstand voltage (5.3.1.3) |
Ui | Rated insulation voltage (5.3.1.2)
Rated making capacity (5.3.5.2) |
Ie | Rated operational current (5.3.2.3)
Rated operational power (5.3.2.3) |
Ue | Rated operational voltage (5.3.1.1) |
Uir | Rated rotor insulation voltage (rating defined in relevant product standard) |
Ier | Rated rotor operational current (rating defined in relevant product standard) |
Uer | Rated rotor operational voltage (rating defined in relevant product standard) |
Ics | Rated service short-circuit breaking capacity (rating defined in relevant product standard) |
Icn | Rated short-circuit breaking capacity (5.3.6.3) |
Icm | Rated short-circuit making capacity (5.3.6.2) |
Icw | Rated short-time withstand current (5.3.6.1)
Rated starting voltage of an autotransformer starter (rating defined in relevant product standard) |
Uis | Rated stator insulation voltage (rating defined in relevant product standard) |
Ies | Rated stator operational current (rating defined in relevant product standard) |
Ues | Rated stator operational voltage (rating defined in relevant product standard) |
Icu | Rated ultimate short-circuit breaking capacity (rating defined in relevant product standard) |
Iu | Rated uninterrupted current (5.3.2.4) |
Ithr | Rotor thermal current (rating defined in relevant product standard) |
Iths | Stator thermal current (rating defined in relevant product standard) |
IB | Take-over current (X.3.2)
Temporary duty (5.3.4.4)
Uninterrupted duty (5.3.4.2)
Utilization category (5.4) |
30mm
20mm
15mm
15mm
10mm
17mm
Gulf StandardGSO IEC 60947-1:2024
Gulf StandardGSO IEC 60947-1:2024
Gulf StandardGSO IEC 60947-1:2024
GSO IEC 60947-1:2024Gulf Standard
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ISO 50001:2018, Energy management systems – Requirements with guidance for use
ASTM B 172–71 (re-approved 2010) –Standard specification for rope – Lay-stranded copper conductors having bunch-stranded members, for electrical energy
Directive 2011/65/EU of the european parliament and of the council, on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment (recast), 8 June 2011; OJ L 174, 1.7.2011, p. 88–110
30mm
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15mm
15mm
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17mm