>>
<<
ISO 21384-3:2023(en)
ISO - Cover page
Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Abbreviated terms
5 Safety and security
 5.1 General
 5.2 Safety
  5.2.1 Safety policy
  5.2.2 Requirements for operators conducting UAS operations in VLOS or EVLOS
  5.2.3 Additional requirements for operators conducting UAS operations in BVLOS at VLL
  5.2.4 Additional requirements for operators conducting UAS operations in controlled airspace, above VLL and under IFR and for C2CSP
  5.2.5 Tasks of the COMO
  5.2.6 Tasks of the SAFO
 5.3 Security
  5.3.1 Requirements for operators conducting UAS operations in VLOS or EVLOS
  5.3.2 Additional requirements for operators conducting UAS operations in BVLOS at VLL
  5.3.3 Additional requirements for operators conducting UAS operations in controlled airspace, above VLL and under IFR and for C2CSP
  5.3.4 Tasks of the SECO
6 Data protection — Operator requirements
7 Operator
 7.1 Documentation
  7.1.1 Documents held by the UAS operator
  7.1.2 Documents to be available at the point of operations
 7.2 Insurance
8 Airspace
 8.1 Compliance with airspace regulations
 8.2 Airspace information
 8.3 Operations above 500 ft (150 m)
 8.4 Special zones at very high flight levels (FL) 600
 8.5 Facility and equipment and requirements
 8.6 Registration
 8.7 UA identification
 8.8 Compatibility
9 Operations
 9.1 Flight operations
 9.2 Operational plan — Flight planning
 9.3 Flight preparation
  9.3.1 Pre-flight inspections
  9.3.2 Communication planning
 9.4 In flight operations
  9.4.1 Responsibilities of the remote pilot in command (RPIC)
  9.4.2 Operational limitations
  9.4.3 Transfer of functions and responsibilities
  9.4.4 Multiple UA operation
  9.4.5 Autonomous operations
  9.4.6 Communication and airborne functions for UTM
  9.4.7 Operations at night
  9.4.8 Surface/ground operations
  9.4.9 Journey log
  9.4.10 Abnormal and contingency procedures
 9.5 External services
  9.5.1 UAS functions interacting with UTM
  9.5.2 Oversight of contracted service providers
  9.5.3 C2 communication service provider (C2CSP)
 9.6 Personnel qualification and management
  9.6.1 General
  9.6.2 Competence
  9.6.3 Currency
  9.6.4 Qualification and training
10 Maintenance
 10.1 General
 10.2 Hardware updates
 10.3 Software updates
 10.4 Service release
 10.5 Configuration management
11 Conflict management
 11.1 General
 11.2 Separation provision and collision avoidance
 11.3 Operational procedure
Annex A (normative) Privacy etiquette
Annex B (informative) External services
Bibliography
30mm
20mm
15mm
15mm
10mm
17mm

International

Standard

ISO 21384-3
Unmanned aircraft systems
Part 3:
Operational procedures
Aéronefs sans pilote —
Partie 3: Modes opératoires
Reference number
ISO 21384-3:2023(en)
Second edition
2023-10
30mm
20mm
15mm
15mm
10mm
17mm
30mm
20mm
15mm
15mm
10mm
17mm

ContentsPage

Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a) patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a) patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 20, Aircraft and space vehicles, Subcommittee SC 16, Unmanned aircraft systems.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 21384-3:2019), which has been technically revised.
The main changes are as follows:
Clause 2: addition of normative references;
Clause 3: addition of several terms and definitions;
5.1: addition of applicable management systems and equipment requirements;
5.2: major restructuring of the subclause, addition of requirements for operators under different preconditions and specified tasks for different personnel to be conducted;
9.1: designation of a remote pilot in control added;
9.4: addition of requirements for handovers of functions and responsibilities, precautions for the operation of multiple UA by one remote pilot, communication and airborne functions for UTM;
9.5: addition of new subclauses on organizational, operational and technical requirements for external service regarding UTM and C2CSP;
Clause 11: new clause on conflict management including operational charts and descriptions.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

Introduction

This document outlines requirements for unmanned aircraft (UA) operational procedures which, when applied together with any other current and future standard on unmanned aircraft systems (UAS), form a robust UA safety and quality standard. This document applies to all commercial UAS regardless of size, categorization, application or location and represents the international best practice for the safe operation of all commercial UAS. This document is structured in a way to provide a logical pathway from core principles to specific requirements.
30mm
20mm
15mm
15mm
10mm
17mm

International StandardISO 21384-3:2023(en)
Unmanned aircraft systems
Part 3:
Operational procedures

1Scope

This document specifies the requirements for safe commercial unmanned aircraft system (UAS) operations, including the external safety-critical service providing command and control (C2) link.

2Normative references

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 12100, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction
ISO 21384-4, Unmanned aircraft systems — Part 4: Vocabulary
ISO 23629-12:2022, UAS traffic management (UTM) — Part 12: Requirements for UTM service providers
ISO 23665, Unmanned aircraft systems — Training for personnel involved in UAS operations

3Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 21384-4 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
C2 Link communications service provider
C2CSP
entity which provides a portion of or all of the C2 Link (3.4) service for operation of an UAS
Note 1 to entry: The definition is adapted from Reference [16].
3.2
designated operational coverage
DOC
volume where the C2 Link QoSD (3.9) meets the C2 Link (3.4) specified performances and supports the corresponding intended UAS operations
Note 1 to entry: The definition is adapted from Reference [16].
3.3
collision avoidance
third layer of conflict management which activates when the separation mode has been compromised
Note 1 to entry: The definition is adapted from Reference [17].
3.4
C2 Link
command and control link service
telecommunication service provided for the purpose of supporting command and control of the aircraft
Note 1 to entry: The definition is adapted from Reference [16].
3.5
crew resource management
CRM
utilization of all resources available to the crew to manage human error
3.6
DAA system
detect and avoid system
system that supports the remote pilot to see, sense or detect conflicting traffic or other hazards and take the appropriate action
3.7
external service
service and related provider, necessary for the safety of the UAS flight, encompassing:
a)
command and control link communication service provider (C2CSP) (3.1);
b)
other operation support services, whose purpose is to support a single flight but not to manage traffic;
c)
UTM services
Note 1 to entry: The definition is adapted from Reference [20].
Note 2 to entry: Additional information on external services is provided in Annex B.
Note 3 to entry: Only the safety critical C2CSP is covered in this document.
Note 4 to entry: UTM services and non-safety-critical operation support services are covered in ISO 23629-12.
3.8
quality of service
QoS
totality of the characteristics of an entity that bear on its ability to satisfy stated and implied needs
Note 1 to entry: The definition is adapted from Reference [16].
3.9
quality of service delivered
QoSD
statement of the QoS (3.8) achieved or delivered to the UAS operator by the C2 Link communications service provider (C2CSP) (3.1)
Note 1 to entry: The definition is adapted from Reference [16].
3.10
quality of service experienced
QoSE
statement expressing the QoS (3.8) that remote pilots believe they have experienced
Note 1 to entry: The definition is adapted from Reference [16].
3.11
quality of service required
QoSR
statement of the QoS (3.8) requirements of the UAS operator to the C2 Link communications service provider (C2CSP) (3.1)
Note 1 to entry: The definition is adapted from Reference [16].
3.12
remain-well-clear
ability to detect, analyse and manoeuvre in order to ensure that a UA is not being operated in such proximity to other aircraft as to create a collision hazard
3.13
remote pilot in command
RPIC
pilot designated by the operator as being in command and charged with the safe conduct of a flight
3.14
safety assurance
set of activities providing for system monitoring, measuring, assessment, and corrective action to assure the effectiveness of risk controls
3.15
safety management system
SMS
systematic approach to managing safety, including the necessary organizational structures, accountabilities, policies and procedures
Note 1 to entry: The definition is adapted from Reference [12].
3.16
safety promotion
set of activities providing guidance for training and communication to promote safety as a core value in the organization
3.17
safety risk management
SRM
set of activities using task analysis, hazard identification, risk analysis, and risk assessment to develop risk controls
3.18
separation provision
second layer of conflict management and tactical process of keeping aircraft away from hazards by at least the appropriate separation minima which is only used when strategic conflict management (3.20) (i.e. airspace organization and management, demand and capacity balancing and traffic synchronization) cannot be used efficiently
Note 1 to entry: The definition is adapted from Reference [17].
3.19
service level agreement
SLA
enforceable agreement between the C2 Link communications service provider (C2CSP) (3.1) and the UAS operator covering the safety, performance, coverage and security of the C2 Link (3.4) provision as required for the RPAS operator’s intended operations
Note 1 to entry: The definition is adapted from Reference [16].
3.20
strategic conflict management
first layer of conflict management that is achieved through the airspace organization and management, demand and capacity balancing and traffic synchronization components
Note 1 to entry: The definition is adapted from Reference [17].
3.21
unmanned aircraft accident
occurrence associated with the operation of an unmanned aircraft which takes place between the time the aircraft is ready to move with the purpose of flight until it comes to rest at the end of the flight and the primary propulsion system is shut down, in which:
a)
a person is fatally or seriously injured as a result of direct contact with any part or exposure to any emission of the UA or other component of the UAS, including parts which have become detached from the aircraft; or
b)
the aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which prevents safe operation
3.22
unmanned aircraft incident
occurrence, other than an unmanned aircraft accident (3.21), associated with the operation of an aircraft which affects or can affect the safety of operation, including the loss of unmanned aircraft
3.23
VLL
very low level
airspace below the minimum heights for VFR traffic as established by the competent authority
30mm
20mm
15mm
15mm
10mm
17mm

Bibliography
[1]
ISO/IEC 27001, Information security management
[2]
ISO 31000, Risk management — Guidelines
[3]
ISO 45001, Occupational health and safety management systems — Requirements with guidance for use
[4]
Opinion EASA 01/2018 — Unmanned aircraft system (UAS) operations in the ‘open’ and ‘specific’ categories
[5]
Eurocae ED 267, 2020, Operational Service and Environment Definition (OSED) for Detect and Avoid in Very Low Level Operations
[6]
FAA 2016, small Unmanned Aircraft rule. Part. 2016 June, 107 p. 21
[7]
FAA 215, 14 CFR Part 5, Safety Management Systems
[8]
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) 2015, Registration and Marking Requirements for Small Unmanned Aircraft, Interim final rule of 14 December 2015, 14 CFR Parts 1, 45, 47, 48, 91, and 375 [Docket No.: FAA-2015-7396; Amdt. Nos. 1-68, 45-29, 47-30, 48-1, 91-338]
[9]
ICAO 2006, Convention on International Civil Aviation, Doc 7300/9, 9th edition
[10]
ICAO 2012, Annex 7 to the Chicago Convention, Aircraft Nationality and Registration Marks, Montreal, 6th edition including amendment 6
[11]
ICAO 2013, Annex 2 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation, Rules of the Air, Montreal, 10th edition including amendment 44
[12]
ICAO 2018, Safety Management Manual, Doc 9859, 4th edition
[13]
ICAO 2016, Annex 13 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation, Aircraft Accident and Incident Investigation, 11th edition
[14]
ICAO 2015, Manual on Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS), Doc 10019 AN/507, 1st edition
[15]
ICAO 2018, Annex 1 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation, Personnel Licencing, 12th edition including amendment 175
[16]
ICAO 2021, Annex 10 Aeronautical Telecommunications - Volume VI - Communication Systems and Procedures Relating to Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems C2 Link
[17]
ICAO 2005, Global Air Traffic Management Operational Concept (Doc 9854)
[18]
ICAO 2013, Annex 6 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation - Operation of Aircraft
[19]
JARUS 2015, JAR doc 03, JARUS-FCL Recommendation concerning uniform personnel licensing and competencies in the operation of RPAS
[20]
JARUS JAR doc 06, Specific Operations Risk Assessment. SORA, 2019
[21]
JARUS 2016, JAR doc 09, RPAS Operational Categorization, scheme that describes the level of regulatory involvement for the varying types of UA and UA operations
[22]
JARUS 2016, JAR doc 13, RPAS Required C2 Performance (RLP) concept
[23]
JARUS OPS/A. Recommendations for Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS). Category A Operations, 2018
[24]
Jarus O.P.S. Recommendations for Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS). Category B Operations, 2019
[25]
European Union: Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 July 2018 on common rules in the field of civil aviation and establishing a European Union Aviation Safety Agency, and amending Regulations (EC) No 2111/2005, (EC) No 1008/2008, (EU) No 996/2010, (EU) No 376/2014 and Directives 2014/30/EU and 2014/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, and repealing Regulations (EC) No 552/2004 and (EC) No 216/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council and Council Regulation (EEC) No 3922/91
[26]
Personnel Licensing Procedures Manual ICAO Annex 1Pesonnel Licensing
30mm
20mm
15mm
15mm
10mm
17mm
ICS 49.020
Price based on 39 pages
iso.org