INTERNATIONAL STANDARD | ISO 6486-1 Third edition 2019-08 | ||
Ceramic ware, glass ceramic ware and glass dinnerware in contact with food — Release of lead and cadmium — Part 1: Test method Vaisselle en céramique, vaisselle en vitrocéramique et vaisselle de table en verre en contact avec les aliments — Émission de plomb et de cadmium — Partie 1: Méthode d'essai | |||
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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 166, Ceramic ware, glassware and glass ceramic ware in contact with food.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 6486-1:1999), which has been technically revised. The main changes to the previous edition are as follows:
technical procedures updated and permissible limits for metal release brought in line with current regulatory limits in major markets and in harmony with as many regional or national standards as is practical.
A list of all parts in the ISO 6486 series can be found on the ISO website.
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Release of potentially toxic metals, particularly lead and cadmium, from ceramic and glassware surfaces is an issue which requires effective means of control to ensure the protection of the population against possible hazards arising from the use of improperly formulated and/or processed ceramic, glass-ceramic and glass dinnerware used for the preparation, cooking, serving and storage of food and beverages.
As a secondary consideration, different requirements from country to country for the control of the release of toxic metals from the surfaces of ceramic ware present non-tariff barriers to international trade in these commodities. Accordingly, there is a need to maintain internationally accepted methods of testing ware for the release of potentially toxic metals.
The revision of this document was necessary to take into consideration recent developments in the application of the analytical technique inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).
The test method is a combination of a leach procedure, which is the core of the document, and of the analytical method.
ICP-MS is the reference analytical method as it is generally considered to be the most accurate analytical method, although other methods have their own merits. Flame atomic absorption is kept as an alternative method. Other validated analytical methods, such as graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) or inductively coupled optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), may also be used, considering the appropriate accuracy to the level of release of lead and cadmium to be measured.
The limits in ISO 6486-2 are set on the basis of a single extraction into the extraction solution. This document specifies that all repeat-use articles are tested three times with fresh extraction solution and the results of the third test reported for conformity with the permissible limits. It has been demonstrated that metal release into the third extraction is always less than the release into the first extraction. Therefore, data from a third extraction will show false conformity with the limits specified in ISO 6486-2. New limits that are appropriate to third extraction data are currently being agreed.
This document specifies a test method for the release of lead and cadmium from ceramic ware, glass ceramic ware and glass dinnerware intended to be used in contact with food, but excluding vitreous and porcelain enamel articles (covered by ISO 4531).
This document is applicable to ceramic ware, glass ceramic ware and glass dinnerware which is intended to be used for the preparation, cooking, serving and storage of food and beverages, excluding all articles used in food manufacturing industries or in which food is sold.
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
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small: hollowware with a capacity of < 1,1 l;
large: hollowware with a capacity of ≥ 1,1 l;
storage: hollowware with a capacity of ≥ 3 l.
European directive 69/493/EEC Council Directive 69/493/EEC of 15 December 1969 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to crystal glass
“Scoping study on the release of metals from crystalware (in support of the revision of Ceramic Directive 84/500/EEC),” Mercedes Ana Peltzer, Giorgia Beldì, Natalia Jakubowska and Catherine Simoneau. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union 2015
“Scoping investigations on the release of metals from the rim area of decorated articles (in support of the revision of Ceramic Directive 84/500/EEC),” Mercedes Ana Peltzer, Giorgia Beldì, Natalia Jakubowska and Catherine Simoneau. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union 2015
“Report of two Inter-laboratory comparisons from the European Reference Laboratory for Food Contact Materials - Elements from Food Contact Materials: ILC 03 2014 – Plastics and ILC 04 2014 – Ceramics,” Giorgia Beldì, Mercedes Peltzer and Catherine Simoneau. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2015
“Study on the Release of Metals from Ceramics and Glass/Crystalware in Support of the Revision of Ceramic Directive 84/500/EEC - Part 1: Release of Metals from Ceramic Articles,” Peltzer Mercedes, Beldì Giorgia, Jakubowska Natalia, Simoneau Catherine EUR 27179 EN, Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2015
“Precision criteria of methods for the quantification of metals migrated from Food Contact Materials: Pre-validation data derived from ILCs on elements representative for plastics and ceramics,” Giorgia Beldì, Natalia Jakubowska and Catherine Simoneau EUR 27827 EN, JRC100838, Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2016
“Testing approaches for the release of metals from ceramic articles - In support of the revision of the Ceramic Directive 84/500/EEC,” Giorgia Beldì, Jakubowska Natalia, Mercedes Peltzer and Catherine Simoneau EUR 28363 EN, Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2016
“Report on the inter-laboratory comparison exercise organised by the European Union Reference Laboratory for Food Contact Materials - Determination of elements in acetic acid solutions and in migration from ceramic and glass tableware,” Jakubowska Natalia, Giorgia Beldì, Catherine Simoneau and Eddo Hoekstra EUR 28690 EN, Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2017
“Towards suitable tests for the migration of metals from ceramic and crystal tableware: Work in support of the revision of the Ceramic Directive 84/500/EEC”, Catherine Simoneau, Giorgia Beldì, Jakubowska Natalia, Mercedes Peltzer EUR 28872 EN, Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2017